Avaliação da função renal do idoso em duas horas

Maria do Carmo B. Sammartino Benarab; Yara Marcondes Machado Castiglia; Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna; José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942005000300003

Scientific Article

Avaliação da função renal do idoso em duas horas

Two-hour evaluation of renal function in the elderly

Maria do Carmo B. Sammartino Benarab; Yara Marcondes Machado Castiglia; Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna; José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942005000300003 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.55, n3, p.269-278, 2005

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Os idosos têm diminuição progressiva da função renal e os hipertensos, maior risco de lesão renal adicional no intra-operatório. Avalia-se a função renal pela depuração da creatinina, com débito urinário de 24 horas, para diluir o erro de possível volume vesical residual (VVR). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a função renal pré-operatória de idosos hipertensos e não-hipertensos, com débito urinário de duas horas, utilizando aparelho de ultra-som portátil para determinação do volume vesical residual. MÉTODO: Foram analisados 30 pacientes, distribuídos em dois grupos, Gn (15), idosos não-hipertensos, e Gh (15), idosos hipertensos, coletando-se urina durante 2 horas. Mediu-se o VVR com aparelho de ultra-som portátil. Analisaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: idade, sexo, estado físico, altura, peso, índice de massa corpórea, creatinina plasmática e urinária, sódio e potássio plasmáticos e urinários, osmolalidade plasmática e urinária, débito urinário, depuração da creatinina, osmolar e de água livre, excreção urinária e fracionária de sódio e potássio. Comparou-se a depuração estimada de creatinina com a depuração da creatinina. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes de Gn e Gh não apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto à maioria dos parâmetros estudados. Os idosos hipertensos apresentaram tendência a maior excreção fracionária de sódio e o potássio plasmático mostrou-se mais baixo nos hipertensos, porém com valores normais. A depuração estimada de creatinina correlacionou-se positivamente com a de creatinina apenas em Gn. CONCLUSÕES: Os pacientes hipertensos apresentaram potássio plasmático mais baixo e excretaram mais sódio, tendo ocorrido correspondência entre a depuração estimada de creatinina e a depuração da creatinina apenas para os pacientes do grupo dos não-hipertensos.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, Geriátrica, DOENÇAS, SISTEMA RENAL

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Elderly have progressive renal function deterioration and hypertensive patients are at higher risk of additional intraoperative kidney injury. Renal function is evaluated by creatinine clearance, with 24-hour urinary output to dilute the error of possible residual vesical volume (RVV). This study aimed at evaluating preoperative renal function of hypertensive and normotensive elderly patients, with 2-hour urinary output, using portable ultrasound to determine residual vesical volume. METHODS: Participated in this study 30 patients distributed in 2 groups: Gn (15) normotensive elderly, and Gh (15) hypertensive elderly. Urine was collected for 2 hours. RVV was measured with portable ultrasound. The following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, physical status, height, weight, body mass index, plasma and urinary creatinine, plasma and urinary sodium and potassium, plasma and urinary osmolality, urinary output, creatinine, osmolar and free water clearance, sodium and potassium urinary and fractional excretion. Estimated creatinine clearance was compared to actual creatinine clearance. RESULTS: Gn and Gh patients were not significantly different in most evaluated parameters. Hypertensive elderly had a trend to higher sodium fractional excretion and plasma potassium was lower in hypertensive patients, however within normal ranges. Estimated creatinine clearance was positively correlated to actual creatinine clearance in Gn only. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertensive patients had lower plasma potassium and excreted more sodium, with correspondence between estimated and actual creatinine clearance in normotensive patients only.

Keywords

ANESTHESIA, Geriatric, DISEASES, RENAL SYSTEM

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Avaliação da função renal do idoso em duas horas

Two-hour evaluation of renal function in the elderly

Maria do Carmo B. Sammartino Benarab; Yara Marcondes Machado Castiglia; Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna; José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz

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