Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.03.006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Comparison of the effects of remifentanil and remifentanil plus lidocaine on intubation conditions in intellectually disabled patients

Comparação dos efeitos de remifentanil e remifentanil + lidocaína em intubação de pacientes intelectualmente deficientes

Can Eyigor; Esra Cagiran; Taner Balcioglu; Meltem Uyar

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.03.006 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.64, n4, p.263-268, 2014
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This is a prospective, randomized, single-blind study. We aimed to compare the tracheal intubation conditions and hemodynamic responses either remifentanil or a combination of remifentanil and lidocaine with sevoflurane induction in the absence of neuromuscular blocking agents. METHODS: Fifty intellectually disabled, American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II patients who underwent tooth extraction under outpatient general anesthesia were included in this study. Patients were randomized to receive either 2 μg kg-1 remifentanil (Group 1, n = 25) or a combination of 2 μg kg-1 remifentanil and 1 mg kg-1 lidocaine (Group 2, n = 25). To evaluate intubation conditions, Helbo-Hansen scoring system was used. In patients who scored 2 points or less in all scorings, intubation conditions were considered acceptable, however if any of the scores was greater than 2, intubation conditions were regarded unacceptable. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at baseline, after opioid administration, before intubation, and at 1, 3, and 5 min after intubation. RESULTS: Acceptable intubation parameters were achieved in 24 patients in Group 1 (96%) and in 23 patients in Group 2 (92%). In intra-group comparisons, the heart rate and mean arterial pressure values at all-time points in both groups showed a significant decrease compared to baseline values (p = 0.000) CONCLUSION: By the addition of 2 μg/kg remifentanil during sevoflurane induction, successful tracheal intubation can be accomplished without using muscle relaxants in intellectually disabled patients who undergo outpatient dental extraction. Also worth noting, the addition of 1 mg/kg lidocaine to 2 μg/kg remifentanil does not provide any additional improvement in the intubation parameters.

Keywords

Remifentanil, Lidocaine, Endotracheal intubation, Without neuromuscular blockade

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: este é um estudo prospectivo, randômico e duplo-cego. Nosso objetivo foi comparar as condições de intubação endotraqueal e as respostas hemodinâmicas com o uso de remifentanil ou combinação de remifentanil e lidocaína em indução anestésica com sevoflurano sem agentes bloqueadores neuromusculares. MÉTODOS: cinquenta pacientes intelectualmente deficientes, estado físico ASA I-II, submetidos à extração dentária sob anestesia geral em ambulatório foram incluídos neste estudo. Os pacientes foram randomizados para receber 2 μg kg-1 de remifentanil (Grupo 1, n = 25) ou uma combinação de 2 μg kg-1 de remifentanil e 1 mg kg-1 de lidocaína (Grupo 2, n = 25). Para avaliar as condições de intubação, o sistema de pontuação de Helbo-Hansen foi usado. Em pacientes com 2 ou menos pontos em todas as pontuações, as condições de intubação foram consideradas aceitáveis, porém, se qualquer uma das pontuações fosse superior a 2, as condições de intubação seriam consideradas inaceitáveis. Pressão arterial média, frequência cardíaca e saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2) foram registradas no início do estudo, após a administração de opiáceos, antes da intubação e nos minutos 1, 3 e 5 após a intubação. RESULTADOS: parâmetros aceitáveis de intubação foram obtidos em 24 pacientes do Grupo 1 (96%) e em 23 pacientes do Grupo 2 (92%). Nas comparações intragrupo, os valores da frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial média em todos os momentod em ambos os grupos mostraram uma redução significativa em relação aos valores basais (p = 0.000). CONCLUSÃO: com a adição de remifentanil (2 μg/kg) durante a indução com sevoflurano, pode-se obter intubação endotraqueal bem-sucedida sem o uso de relaxantes musculares em pacientes intelectualmente deficientes que se submetem à extração dentária em ambulatório. Também é digno de nota que a adição de lidocaína (1 mg/kg) a remifentanil (2 μg/kg) não apresenta qualquer melhora adicional dos parâmetros de intubação.

Palavras-chave

Remifentanil, Lidocaína, Intubação endotraqueal, Sem bloqueio neuromuscular

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