Avaliação da profundidade do espaço subaracnoideo com o uso do ultrassom

Alexandre Gnaho; Vinh Nguyen; Thierry Villevielle; Melina Frota; Emmanuel Marret; Marc Emmanuel Gentili

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942012000400005

Scientific Article

Avaliação da profundidade do espaço subaracnoideo com o uso do ultrassom

Assessing the depth of the subarachnoid space by ultrasound

Alexandre Gnaho; Vinh Nguyen; Thierry Villevielle; Melina Frota; Emmanuel Marret; Marc Emmanuel Gentili

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942012000400005 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.62, n4, p.525-530, 2012

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a fidelidade da ecografia para prever a profundidade dos espaços intratecais lombares e epidurais, a fim de limitar o número de tentativas de punção. MÉTODO: 31 pacientes (25 homens e seis mulheres), ASA I ou II participaram deste estudo. A imagem devolvida pelo ultrassom da espinha lombar foi executada no interespaço vertebral L3-L4 em plano transversal. Em seguida, um anestesista não previamente informado executou a anestesia espinal através do ponto previsto como alvo. A distância entre a pele e a parte anterior do flavum ligamentum que é supostamente o limite inferior da profundidade intratecal, ou uma aproximação da profundidade do espaço epidural (ED-US), foi medida por ultrassom sendo comparada com a distância entre a pele e a parte anterior do espaço do flavum ligamentum na agulha (ED-N). RESULTADOS: Os ED-US e os ED-N foram, respectivamente, de 5,15 ± 0,95 cm e de 5,14 ± 0.97 cm; essas distâncias não eram significativamente diferentes (p > 0,0001). A correlação significativa r = 0,982 [CI 95% 0,963-0,992, p > 0,0001] foi observada entre as medidas de ED-US e de ED-N. A análise Bland-Altman mostra uma precisão de 0,18 cm, com limites tolerados de -0,14 cm a -0,58 cm. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo corrobora a utilidade da ultrassonografia em plano transversal que permite identificar as estruturas anatômicas axiais, podendo fornecer aos médicos informações eficientes para a execução da anestesia espinal.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, Regional, raquianestesia, Dura-máter, EQUIPAMENTOS, Ultrassom

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy of the ultrasound (US) to predict the depth to reach lumbar intrathecal and epidural spaces in order to decrease the number of puncture attempts. METHODS: Thirty-one patients (25 males and 6 females), ASA I or II participated in this study. The transversal ultrasound image of the lumbar spine was obtained at the level of the L3-L4 space. An anesthesiologist without prior information performed the spinal anesthesia through the predicted target area. The distance between the skin and the anterior portion of the flavum ligamentum which is supposedly the bottom limit of the intrathecal depth or an approximation of the depth of the epidural space (ED-US) was measured by ultrasound and it was compared with the distance between the skin and the anterior portion of the flavum ligamentum on the needle (ED-N). RESULTS: ED-US and ED-N were respectively 5.15 ± 0.95 cm and 5.14 ± 0.97 cm; these distances were not significantly different (p > 0.0001). A significant correlation r = 0.982 [95% CI 0.963-0.992, p > 0.0001] was observed between the ED-US and ED-N measurements. Bland-Altman analysis showed an accuracy of 0.18 cm; tolerated variations ranged from -0.14 cm to -0.58 cm. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the idea that the US transversal plane allows the identification of axial anatomical structures and provides physicians with efficient information to perform spinal anesthesia.

Keywords

Ultrasonography, Interventional, Anesthesia, Spinal, Dura mater

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Avaliação da profundidade do espaço subaracnoideo com o uso do ultrassom

Assessing the depth of the subarachnoid space by ultrasound

Alexandre Gnaho; Vinh Nguyen; Thierry Villevielle; Melina Frota; Emmanuel Marret; Marc Emmanuel Gentili

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