Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942012000400002
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Influência da anestesia venosa total, entropia e laparoscopia sobre o estresse oxidativo

Influence of total intravenous anesthesia, entropy and laparoscopy on oxidative stress

Rogean Rodrigues Nunes; Fernando Squeff Nora; Danielle Maia Holanda Dumaresq; Rute Maria Araújo Cavalcante; Amanda Antunes Costa; Lara Moreira Mendes Carneiro; Julio Cesar Garcia de Alencar; Flávia Pereira Fernandes Cardoso

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942012000400002 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.62, n4, p.492-501, 2012
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Estudos recentes correlacionam mortalidade pós-operatória e anestésica, especialmente a profundidade anestésica e pressão arterial sistólica (PAS). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da profundidade da anestesia venosa total (AVT) realizada com remifentanil e propofol com monitoração da entropia de resposta (RE) sobre as concentrações sanguíneas dos marcadores do estresse oxidativo: TBARS e glutationa, durante operações pelo acesso vídeolaparoscópico. MÉTODO: Vinte pacientes adultas, ASA I, IMC 20-26 kg.m-2, idades entre 20 e 40 anos, foram aleatoriamente distribuidas em dois grupos iguais: Grupo I - submetidas a procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico com RE mantida entre 45 e 59 e Grupo II - submetidas a procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico com RE entre 30 e 44. Em ambos os grupos, a infusão de remifentanil e propofol foi controlada pelo sitio efetor (Se), ajustados para manter RE nos valores desejados (Grupos I e II) e avaliando-se sempre a taxa de supressão (TS). As pacientes foram avaliadas em seis momentos: M1(imediatamente antes da indução anestésica), M2 (antes da intubação traqueal [IT]), M3 (5 minutos após IT), M4 (imediatamente antes do pneumoperitônio-PPT), M5 (1 minuto após o PPT) e M6 (uma hora após a operação). Em todos os momentos foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: PAS, PAD, FC, RE, TS, TBARS e glutationa. RESULTADOS: Observaram-se aumentos no TBARS e glutationa em M5, tanto no Grupo I como no Grupo II (p < 0,05), com maiores valores no Grupo II. TS em três pacientes no Grupo II, imediatamente após PPT. CONCLUSÕES: A elevação dos marcadores no Grupo I (em M5) sugere aumento do metabolismo anaeróbico (MA) na circulação esplâncnica enquanto os valores mais elevados observados no Grupo II (GII > GI em M5 - p < 0,05%) sugerem interferência de mais um fator (anestesia profunda), como responsável pelo aumento no MA, provavelmente como resultados de maior depressão do sistema nervoso autônomo e menor autorregulação esplâncnica.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, Venosa, CIRURGIA, Entropia, Estresse Oxidativo, Videolaparoscópica

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have correlated postoperative mortality with anesthetic mortality, especially with the depth of anesthesia and systolic blood pressure (SBP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the depth of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) using remifentanil and propofol, performed with monitoring of response entropy (RE) on blood concentrations of oxidative stress markers (TBARS and glutathione) during laparoscopic operations. METHOD: Twenty adult patients, ASA I, BMI 20-26 kg.m-2, aged 20 to 40 years, were randomly distributed into two groups: Group I underwent anesthetic-surgical procedure with RE maintained between 45 and 59, and Group II underwent anesthetic-surgical procedure with RE between 30 and 44. In both groups, the remifentanil and propofol infusion was controlled by the effector site (Es), adjusted to maintain RE desired values (Groups I and II) and always assessing the suppression rate (SR). Patients were evaluated in six periods: M1 (immediately before anesthesia), M2 (before tracheal intubation [TI]), M3 (5-minutes after TI), M4 (immediately before pneumoperitoneum [PPT]), M5 (1-minute after PPT), and M6 (1-hour after the operation). The following parameters were assessed at all times: SBP, DBP, HR, RE, SR, TBARS, and glutathione. RESULTS: We found increases in TBARS and glutathione in M5, both in Group I and Group II (p < 0.05), with higher values in Group II, and SR in three patients in Group II, immediately after PPT. CONCLUSIONS: Increased markers in Group I (M5) suggests an increase in anaerobic metabolism (AM) in the splanchnic circulation while the highest values seen in Group II (GII > GI in M5, p < 0.05%) suggest interference of another factor (deep anesthesia) responsible for the increase in AM, probably as a result of increased autonomic nervous system depression and minor splanchnic self-regulation.

Keywords

Entropy, Intravenous Anesthesia, Laparoscopy, Oxidative Stress

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