Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942011000600013
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Review Article

Disritmias cardíacas e anestesia

Cardiac dysrhythmias and anesthesia

Michelle Nacur Lorentz; Bruna Silviano Brandão Vianna

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As disritmias são complicações relativamente comuns no período perioperatório, devendo ser diagnosticadas e adequadamente tratadas pelo anestesiologista quando houver indicação para tal. Este artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de revisar os aspectos mais relevantes das disritmias cardíacas para o anestesiologista, bem como estabelecer relação de causa e efeito entre os fármacos utilizados no período perioperatório e as disritmias. CONTEÚDO: São apresentados neste artigo os mecanismos das disritmias, os fármacos que potencialmente causam disritmias, além do diagnóstico e tratamento no período perioperatório. CONCLUSÕES: As disritmias que ocorrem no período perioperatório muitas vezes não demandam tratamento e, em outras tantas, o tratamento pode gerar uma verdadeira iatrogenia. Portanto, o conhecimento das disritmias cardíacas e dos fatores que podem desencadeá-las possibilita ao anestesiologista melhor abordagem perioperatória, evitando tratamentos equivocados ou desnecessários.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, DOENÇAS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiac dysrhythmias are relatively common in the perioperative period and should be adequately diagnosed and treated by the anesthesiologist whenever indicated. The objective of this article was to review the most relevant aspects of cardiac dysrhythmias, as well as establishing the cause-effect relationship between drugs used in the perioperative period and dysrhythmias. CONTENTS: The mechanisms of dysrhythmias, drugs that can potentially cause dysrhythmias, besides diagnosis and treatment in the perioperative period are presented. CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative dysrhythmias oftentimes do not require treatment and in others the treatment can generate iatrogenicity. Therefore, the knowledge of cardiac dysrhythmias and triggering factors allows a better approach of the perioperative period by the anesthesiologist avoiding wrong or unnecessary treatment.

Keywords

Anesthesia, Arrhythmias

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