Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942011000100002
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Anestesia regional para cesariana em gestantes obesas: estudo retrospectivo

Regional anesthesia for cesarean section in obese pregnant women: a retrospective study

Flávia Romano Rodrigues; Maria José Nascimento Brandão

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942011000100002 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.61, n1, p.17-20, 2011
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O levantamento dos dados teve por objetivo identificar as técnicas anestésicas, suas dificuldades e complicações em pacientes com IMC > 30 kg.m-2 submetidas à cesariana. Este levantamento de dados justifica-se por embasar o desenvolvimento de novos protocolos e condutas mais adequadas a essa população de gestantes. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de levantamento de dados e complicações anestésicas em pacientes obesas, maiores de 18 anos, submetidas à cesariana no período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2006. As variáreis avaliadas foram: idade, peso, altura, IMC, estado físico (ASA), técnicas anestésicas, dificuldades na palpação e punção, complicações hemodinâmicas (sangramento e hipotensão) e complicações anestésicas. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 315 fichas anestésicas. A média de idade foi de 29,1 anos, o IMC médio foi de 39,25 e a maioria das pacientes foi classificada como ASA II (63,2%). A técnica anestésica mais utilizada foi raquianestesia. Em 47 procedimentos, havia descrição de dificuldade de punção e, em 31 casos, dificuldade de palpação. CONCLUSÕES: As dificuldades técnicas encontradas foram mais acentuadas em pacientes de classes mais elevadas de obesidade, assim como hipotensão, sangramento e tempo cirúrgico.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, Obstétrica, CIRURGIA, Obstétrica, DOENÇAS,Obesidade, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of the data gathering was to indentify anesthetic techniques, and their difficulties and complications in patients with BMI > 30 kg.m-2 undergoing cesarean sections. The study intends to support the development of new protocols and more adequate conducts for this population of pregnant women. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of data and anesthetic complications in obese patients older than 18 years of age who underwent cesarean sections from January 2004 to December 2006; variables investigated included: age, weight, height, BMI, physical status (ASA), anesthetic techniques, difficulties in palpation and puncturing, hemodynamic complications (bleeding and hypotension), and anesthetic complications. RESULTS: Three hundred and fifteen anesthetic forms were evaluated. Mean age was 29.1 years, mean BMI 39.25, and the majority of patients was classified as ASA II (63.2%). Spinal anesthesia charts used more often, difficulty to puncture was reported in 47 procedures, and difficulty to palpate was reported in 31 procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Technical difficulties as well as hypotension, bleeding, and surgical time were more frequent in patients with higher degrees of obesity.

Keywords

Pregnancy, High-risk, Obesity, Morbid, Anesthesia, Spinal, Anesthesia, Epidural, Cesarean Section, Anesthesia Obstetrical

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