Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942010000500010
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Information

Raquianestesia contínua com altas doses de anestésicos locais

Continuous spinal anesthesia with high dose of local anesthetics

Luiz Eduardo Imbelloni; Savino Gasparini Neto; Eliana Marisa Ganem

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942010000500010 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.60, n5, p.537-543, 2010
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A maior vantagem da raquianestesia contínua é o melhor controle de nível, intensidade e duração da analgesia espinal. Com o advento dos cateteres intermediários (cateter por foral da agulha) e sua baixa incidência de cefaleia e sintomas neurológicos, a técnica vem ganhando credibilidade. O objetivo de caso é relatar a possível segurança do uso do novo cateter com grande dose de bupivacaína hiperbárica a 0,5% com glicose a 1,6% associada à lidocaína 2% hiperbárica com glicose a 1,6%. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 78 anos, 85 kg, 168 cm, estado físico ASA III, hipertenso, coronariopata e insuficiência renal crônica. Candidato à cirurgia de volumosas hérnias inguinal bilateral e umbilical, sendo submetido por uma semana a pneumoperitôneo para criar espaço. Após venóclise com cateter 18G, monitoração com cardioscópio, pressão arterial não invasiva e oximetria de pulso, foi sedado com 1 mg de midazolam e fentanil 100 µg por via venosa e colocado em decúbito lateral esquerdo. Submetido à raquianestesia contínua por via mediana em L3-L4, com conjunto de agulha cortante 27G e cateter 22G. A dose total de anestésico utilizada no procedimento foi 25 mg de bupivacaína 0,5% (hiperbárica com glicose a 1,6%) e 160 mg de lidocaína 2% (hiperbárica com glicose a 1,6%) e morfina (100 µg). Paciente acompanhado até o 30º dia sem queixa neurológica. CONCLUSÕES: Recentemente, a má distribuição do anestésico local através de microcateter foi atribuída como causa de síndrome de cauda equina. Este relato de caso mostrou que, com a administração de altas doses de anestésicos hiperbáricos através do novo cateter, não houve má distribuição nem risco de síndrome de cauda equina

Palavras-chave

ANESTÉSICO, Local, CIRURGIA, Abdominal, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Better control of the level, intensity, and duration of spinal analgesia represents the greatest advantages of continuous spinal anesthesia. With the advent of intermediate catheters (over-the-needle catheter) and its low incidence of headaches and neurological symptoms, the technique has been gaining credibility. The objective of this paper is to report the possible safety of the new catheter with a large dose of hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine with 1.6% glucose associated with hyperbaric 2% lidocaine with 1.6% glucose. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 78 years old, 85 kg, 168 cm, physical status ASA III, with hypertension, coronary artery disease, and chronic renal failure. The patient was candidate for surgery for huge bilateral inguinal and umbilical hernias, being submitted to preoperative pneumoperitoneum for one week to stretch abdominal cavity. After venoclysis with an 18G catheter, he was monitored with cardioscope, non-invasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry; he was sedated with 1 mg of midazolam and 100 µg of fentanyl intravenously, and placed in left lateral decubitus. He underwent continuous spinal anesthesia by a median puncture in L3-L4 with a set with a 27G cut-bevel needle and 22G catheter. The total dose of anesthetic used was 25 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine (hyperbaric, with 1.6% glucose), 160 mg of 2% lidocaine (hyperbaric, with 1.6% glucose), and morphine (100 µg). The patient was followed-up until the 30th postoperative day without neurological complaints. CONCLUSIONS: Recently, the poor distribution of the local anesthetic through the microcatheter was attributed as the cause of cauda equina syndrome. This case report showed that, with the administration of high doses of hyperbaric anesthetics through the new catheter, poor distribution or risk of cauda equina syndrome were not observed

Keywords

ANESTHETIC, Local, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUE, Regional, SURGERY, Abdominal

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