Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942010000100007
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Information

Anestesia para salpingectomia parcial bilateral em paciente com miocardiopatia hipertrófica idiopática: relato de um caso e revisão da literatura

Anesthesia for partial bilateral salpingectomy in a patient with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: case report and review of the literature

Ana Sofia Del Castillo Sardi; Gustavo Ramboa; Norma Sardi

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942010000100007 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.60, n1, p.64-69, 2010
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A miocardiopatia hipertrófica é uma doença cardíaca rara, com transmissão autossômica dominante e que se caracteriza pela hipertrofia do septo ventricular e pelas anormalidades da valva mitral. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente secundípara, de 25 anos, com diagnóstico de miocardiopatia hipertrófica há quatro anos e antecedente de asma leve intermitente controlada com inalações esporádicas de corticosteroides. Apresentava sopro holossistólico IV/VI plurifocal e importante escoliose, com os espaços intervertebrais palpáveis. Acusou palpitações esporádicas durante toda a gravidez e recebia medicação de 100 mg de atenolol por dia. Apresentava hemograma, creatinina e eletrólitos dentro dos limites normais, ecocardiograma com miocardiopatia hipertrófica de predomínio septal, com fração de ejeção sistólica de 0,76%. A paciente entrou em trabalho de parto de rápida evolução e nasceu criança viva, do sexo feminino, com APGAR 9/9 sem complicações maternas nem fetais. Foi realizada a programação para a realização de salpingectomia parcial bilateral. Em consulta, a paciente negou-se a receber anestesia para o procedimento. A técnica anestésica de eleição foi a regional combinada. O procedimento cirúrgico durou 20 minutos e as mudanças de pressão arterial junto com a frequência cardíaca foram 10% menores que as dos valores iniciais, sem complicações hemodinâmicas nem cirúrgicas imediatas. CONCLUSÕES: A mortalidade absoluta materna com miocardiopatia hipertrófica (MH) é muito baixa e costuma aparecer em mulheres com fatores de alto risco. Não há evidências de que a anestesia regional aumente o risco em mulheres com MH quando é utilizada para o parto vaginal. Tanto a anestesia geral como a regional foram utilizadas com sucesso e sem complicações em cesarianas de parturientes com MH.

Palavras-chave

CIRURGIA, Ginecológica, DOENÇAS, Cardíaca, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a rare, autosomal dominant cardiac disorder characterized by hypertrophy of the interventricular septum and mitral valve abnormalities. CASE REPORT: A 25-year old female, second gestation, with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for four years and history of mild intermittent asthma controlled with sporadical use of corticosteroids. On physical exam, the patient had a IV/VI systolic and plurifocal heart murmur and accentuated scoliosis with palpable intervertebral spaces. She complained of occasional palpitations during pregnancy, and was treated with 100 mg of atenolol a day. Complete blood count, creatinine, and electrolytes were within normal limits; echocardiogram showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy predominantly septal and ejection fraction of 0.76%. The patient underwent emergency labor giving birth to a live female fetus, Apgar 9/9, without maternal and fetal hemodynamic complications. The patient was scheduled for bilateral partial salpingectomy. During the interview, the patient refused general anesthesia for the procedure. A decision was made for combined regional blockade. The surgical procedure lasted 20 minutes during which changes in blood pressure and heart rate were up to 10% lower than baseline levels without immediate hemodynamic or surgical complications. CONCLUSIONS: Absolute maternal mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) is very low and it is usually seen in patients with high risk factors. Evidence does not show an increased risk of regional blocks in females with HC when it is used for vaginal delivery. Both general anesthesia and regional blocks were successfully used without complication for cesarean sections in patients with HC.

Keywords

ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional, DISEASES, Cardiac, SURGERY, Gynecological

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