Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942009000500004
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Oxigênio suplementar e incidência de náuseas e vômitos perioperatórios no parto cesariano sob anestesia subaracnoidea

Supplemental oxygen and the incidence of perioperative nausea and vomiting in cesarean sections under subarachnoid block

Fernanda Salomão Turazzi Pécora; Luiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson; Marcelo Luis Abramides Torres

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942009000500004 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.59, n5, p.558-569, 2009
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Oxigênio suplementar pode reduzir a incidência de náuseas e vômitos pós-operatórios em pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a eficácia do oxigênio suplementar durante a cesariana eletiva sob anestesia subaracnoidea em diminuir a incidência de náuseas e vômitos perioperatórios. MÉTODO: Após indução de anestesia subaracnoidea padronizada, noventa e quatro parturientes submetidas ao parto operatório foram distribuídas de forma aleatória para receberem, através de cateter nasal tipo óculos, 4 L.min-1 de oxigênio (Grupo O) ou ar comprimido (Grupo S) até o final do procedimento. As pacientes foram inquiridas acerca da ocorrência de náuseas e vômitos durante a operação e nas primeiras seis e 24 horas de pós-parto. RESULTADOS: Os dois grupos mostraram-se comparáveis quanto às variáveis demográficas, perioperatórias e quanto aos dados do recém-nascido. No Grupo O, a incidência de náusea durante a operação nas primeiras 6 horas de pós-operatório e entre 6 e 24 horas de pós-operatório foi de 35%, 20% e 13%, respectivamente, enquanto no Grupo S foi de 35%, 30% e 19%, respectivamente. A incidência de vômito no Grupo O foi de 9%, 11% e 6% nos períodos correspondentes e no Grupo S 21%, 7% e 7%, respectivamente. Essas diferenças não foram significativas. CONCLUSÕES: Na população estudada, a oxigenoterapia suplementar desde a indução da anestesia até o término da operação não reduziu a incidência de náuseas ou vômitos intraoperatórios e pós-operatórios em mulheres submetidas ao parto cesariano sob anestesia subaracnoidea.

Palavras-chave

CIRURGIA, Obstétrica, COMPLICAÇÕES, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Supplemental oxygen can reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients under general anesthesia. The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of supplemental oxygen to reduce the incidence of perioperative nausea and vomiting in elective cesareans under subarachnoid block. METHODS: After induction of standardized subarachnoid block, 94 parturients undergoing surgical delivery were randomly divided to receive 4 L.min-1 of oxygen (Group O) or medical air (Group S) under nasal cannula throughout the procedure. Patients were questioned on the development of nausea and vomiting during the surgery and in the first six and 24 hours after the procedure. RESULTS: Demographic and perioperative parameters, as well as the data on the newborn, were comparable in both groups. In Group O, the incidence of nausea during the surgery, in the first 6 hours afterwards, and between 6 and 24 hours was 35%, 30%, and 19%, respectively, while in Group S, it was 35%, 30%, and 19%, respectively. In Group O, the incidence of vomiting was 9%, 11% and 6% in the corresponding periods, and in Group S, 21%, 7% and 7%, respectively. Those differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of supplemental oxygen from anesthetic induction until the end of the surgery did not reduce the incidence of intra- and postoperative nausea or vomiting in women undergoing cesarean section under subarachnoid block.

Keywords

ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional, COMPLICATIONS, SURGERY, Obstetric

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