Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300012
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Review Article

Síndrome dolorosa pós-mastectomia: a magnitude do problema

Post-mastectomy pain syndrome: the magnitude of the problem

Tania Cursino de Menezes Couceiro; Telma Cursino de Menezes; Marcelo Moraes Valênça

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300012 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.59, n3, p.358-365, 2009
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia mais frequente em mulheres e o tratamento cirúrgico é indicado na maioria das pacientes. São relatadas complicações relacionadas a esse tratamento, dentre as quais se cita a síndrome dolorosa pós-mastectomia (SDPM), que é uma dor persistente que sucede o procedimento cirúrgico. Apesar da gênese da dor ser multifatorial, a secção do nervo intercostobraquial é a lesão nervosa mais frequentemente diagnosticada. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar: etiopatogenia, diagnóstico, quadro clinico, fatores agravantes ou atenuantes e os fatores de risco relacionados à síndrome dolorosa pós-mastectomia. CONTEÚDO: Define a síndrome dolorosa pós-mastectomia e proporciona conhecimento para facilitar o diagnóstico e a prevenção. CONCLUSÕES: A abordagem das pacientes submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico para o câncer mamário exige um acompanhamento pré e pós-cirúrgico por equipe multidisciplinar. Esta abordagem poderá proporcionar escolha racional da técnica cirúrgica, identificar as pacientes que apresentem fatores de risco, minimizar ou eliminar esses fatores quando possível, diagnosticar o mais precocemente a síndrome dolorosa pós-mastectomia e proporcionar o tratamento adequado visando uma melhor qualidade de vida para essa população específica.

Palavras-chave

DOR, Crônica, DOR, Pós-operatória

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplastic tumor in women, and surgical treatment is indicated in most patients. Complications related to this treatment, such as post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS), a persistent pain that develops after surgery, have been reported. Although the genesis of the pain is multifactorial, sectioning of the intercostobrachial nerve is the nerve lesion diagnosed more often. The objective of this study was to review the etiopathogeny, diagnosis, presentation, aggravating or attenuating factors, and risk factors related with the post-mastectomy pain syndrome. CONTENTS: Provides the definition of the post-mastectomy pain syndrome and the knowledge to facilitate its diagnosis and prevention. CONCLUSIONS: The approach to patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer requires pre- and postoperative follow-up by a multidisciplinary team. This approach can provide a rational choice of surgical technique, identify patients with risk factors, minimize or eliminate risk factors whenever possible, diagnose beforehand the post-mastectomy pain syndrome, and provide adequate treatment to improve the quality of life for this specific patient population.

Keywords

PAIN, Chronic, PAIN, Postoperative

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