Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Prevalência e influência do sexo, idade e tipo de operação na dor pós-operatória

Prevalence and influence of gender, age, and type of surgery on postoperative pain

Tânia Cursino de Menezes Couceiro; Marcelo Moraes Valença; Luciana Cavalcanti Lima; Telma Cursino de Menezes; Maria Cristina Falcão Raposo

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300006 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.59, n3, p.314-320, 2009
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor no pós-operatório é um evento frequente, apesar do arsenal terapêutico existente. Sua ocorrência está relacionada a fatores inerentes ao procedimento cirúrgico e ao paciente. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência da dor no pós-operatório em pacientes internados e sua associação com o sexo e o tipo de operação. MÉTODO: Estudo do tipo corte transversal, realizado por entrevista a 187 pacientes submetidos a operações. Avaliou-se a ocorrência da dor nas primeiras 24 horas e sua intensidade através da escala numérica visual: leve (1 a 3), moderada (4 a 6) e forte (7 a 10). RESULTADOS: Dos 190 pacientes entrevistados, três foram excluídos por dificuldade de entender o método utilizado para avaliar a dor. Na amostra, 66,8% (n = 125) eram mulheres. A média de idade foi de 45,83 ± 16,17 anos, sendo 25,1% (n = 47) com 60 anos ou mais. Nas primeiras 24 horas, 46% (n = 85) dos pacientes relataram dor. Dentre os homens 48,4% (n = 30) referiram dor e dentre as mulheres, 66,8% (n = 55). Não houve diferença significativa entre a prevalência de dor por sexo (p = 0,536) e idade (p = 0,465). Quanto à intensidade, a dor foi considerada leve em 29,4%, moderada em 43,5% e forte em 27,1% dos pacientes. Houve associação significativa entre a ocorrência da dor pós-operatória e o tipo de operação (p = 0,003). CONCLUSÕES: O estudo mostra que um elevado número de pacientes ainda sente dor nas primeiras 24 horas do pós-operatório. Pacientes submetidas à Cirurgia Geral sentiram mais dor no pós-operatório que nos demais tipos de operações.

Palavras-chave

DOR, Aguda

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postoperative pain is frequent despite of the therapeutic armamentarium available. Its development is related with factors inherent to the surgery and patient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of postoperative pain in hospitalized patients and its association with gender and type of surgery. METHODS: This is a transversal study in which interviews were done with 187 patients undergoing surgeries. The incidence of pain in the first 24 hours and its severity according to a numeric rating scale: mild (1 to 3), moderate (4 to 6), and severe (7 to 10), were evaluated. RESULTS: Three of 190 patients interviewed were excluded due to difficulties understanding the method used to evaluate the level of pain. In the study population, 66.8% (n = 125) were females; mean age 45.83 ± 16.17 years, but 25.1% (n = 47) were 60 years old or more. In the first 24 hours, 46% (n = 85) of the patients reported pain. Among male patients, 48.4% (n = 30) complained of pain, while 66.8% (n = 55) of the females did so. The prevalence of pain showed no differences regarding gender (p = 0.536) and age (p = 0.465). As for pain severity, 29.4% of the patients referred mild pain, it was moderate in 43.5%, and severe in 27.1%. A significant association between the incidence of postoperative pain and type of surgery was observed (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that an elevated number of patients experience pain in the first 24 hours after the surgery. The incidence of pain was higher in patients undergoing general surgery.

Keywords

PAIN, Acute

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