Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300003
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Avaliação do óxido nítrico exalado em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea

Evaluation of exhaled nitric oxide in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization with cardiopulmonary bypass

Célio Gomes de Amorim; Luiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson; Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva; Fernanda Maria da Silva Pedro; Milton Arruda Martins; Maria José Carvalho Carmona

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942009000300003 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.59, n3, p.286-296, 2009
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A circulação extracorpórea (CEC) pode causar disfunção pulmonar. As alterações inflamatórias podem afetar a liberação de óxido nítrico (NO). Objetivou-se avaliar o NO exalado em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio (RM) com CEC. MÉTODO:Foram estudados prospectivamente nove pacientes adultos submetidos à RM com CEC. Inicialmente, foi coletada amostra de ar para análise de NO no sistema que alimenta o aparelho de anestesia. A seguir, anestesia iniciada por via venosa com etomidato (0,3 mg.kg-1), sufentanil (0,3 µg.kg-1), pancurônio (0,08 mg.kg-1) e mantida com isoflurano (0,5 a 1,0 CAM) e sufentanil (0,5 µg.kg-1.h-1). O volume corrente fixado a 8 mL.kg-1, com FIO2 de 0,6, exceto durante a CEC. Trinta minutos depois da indução, e trinta após a CEC, três amostras sequenciais de ar exalado foram colhidas para análise de NO, por quimioluminescência. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: O valor do NO do ar ambiente foi de 5,05 ± 3,37 ppb. O NO exalado decresceu após a CEC, variando de 11,25 ± 5,65 ppb para 8,37 ± 3,17 ppb (p = 0,031). CONCLUSÕES: A redução do NO exalado pós-CEC observada nesse estudo não permite confirmar o papel dessa molécula como marcador de lesão pulmonar. Entretanto, os variados graus de colapso do parênquima pulmonar, o método de obtenção dos dados, os fármacos utilizados, dentre outros, podem ter contribuído para a redução.

Palavras-chave

CIRURGIA CARDÍACA, CIRURGIA CARDÍACA, COMPLICAÇÕES, COMPLICAÇÕES, COMPLICAÇÕES, VENTILAÇÃO, VENTILAÇÃO

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can cause pulmonary dysfunction. Inflammatory changes may affect the release of nitric oxide (NO). The objective of this study was to evaluate exhaled NO in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization (MR) with CPB. METHODS: This is a prospective study with nine adult patients undergoing MR with CPB. Initially, air samples were collected to analyze the presence of NO in the system that feeds the anesthesia equipment. Intravenous anesthesia was then initiated with ethomidate (0.3 mg.kg-1), sufentanil (0.3 µg.kg-1), and pancuronium (0.08 mg.kg-1), and maintained with isoflurane (MAC from 0.5 to 1.0) and sufentanil (5 µg.kg-1.h-1). Tidal volume was fixed at 8 mL.kg-1 and FiO2 0.6, except during CPB. Thirty minutes after induction and 30 minutes after CPB, three sequential samples of exhaled air were collected for NO analysis by chemiluminescence. Data were analyzed by the Student t test. RESULTS: The level of NO in room air was 5.05 ± 3.37 ppb. Levels of exhaled NO decreased after CPB, varying from 11.25 ± 5.65 ppb to 8.37 ± 3.71 ppb (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of exhaled NO after CPB observed in this study does not confirm the role of this molecule as a marker of pulmonary lesion. However, the different degrees of pulmonary parenchymal collapse, the method used to collect the data, and the drugs, among others, could have contributed for this reduction.

Keywords

COMPLICATIONS, COMPLICATIONS, COMPLICATIONS, SURGERY, SURGERY, SURGERY, VENTILATION, VENTILATION

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