Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942008000500008
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Review Article

Dor neuropática: aspectos neuroquímicos

Neuropathic pain: neurochemical aspects

Durval Campos Kraychete; Judymara Lauzi Gozzani; Angiolina Campos Kraychete

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor neuropática é causada por lesão ou inflamação do sistema nervoso. É síndrome complexa, com mecanismos biológicos pouco esclarecidos, envolvendo teorias inflamatórias e imunes. O objetivo desta revisão foi descrever os principais fatores biológicos relacionados com a dor neuropática, associando de forma lógica as hipóteses sugeridas pela literatura. CONTEÚDO: Foram descritos os principais neuromediadores, canais iônicos e células, incluindo as do sistema imune envolvidos na excitabilidade neuronal, assim como enfatizada possível seqüência de ativação ou interação desses agentes na alteração neuroplástica decorrente da agressão ao nervo. CONCLUSÕES: Do estudo, foi possível concluir que os avanços no conhecimento da fisiopatologia da dor neuropática podem determinar novos alvos para abordagem farmacológica dessa síndrome.

Palavras-chave

DOR, FISIOLOGIA

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neuropathic pain is caused by damage or inflammation of the nervous system. It is a complex syndrome and its biological mechanisms, involving inflammatory and immunologic theories, are not clear. The objective of this review was to describe the main biologic factors associated with neuropathic pain, making a logical association between hypotheses suggested in the literature. CONTENTS: The main neuromediators, ion channels, and cells, including cells in the nervous system involved in neuronal excitation are described, and the possible activation sequence or interaction among those agents in the neoplastic change secondary to nerve damage are emphasized. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to conclude that the advances on the knowledge of the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain can determine new pharmacologic approaches for this syndrome.

Keywords

PAIN, PHYSIOLOGY

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