Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A doença de Steinert é a forma de distrofia muscular mais comum no adulto. Devido ao seu caráter multissistêmico o manuseio perioperatório é um desafio ao anestesiologista. O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar um caso de hemorroidectomia em paciente portador de distrofia muscular e discutir as várias implicações anestésicas envolvidas. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 58 anos, portador de doença de Steinert, submetido a hemorroidectomia. A conduta anestésica foi raquianestesia com bupivacaína hiperbárica (punção L3-L4,com bupivacaína a 0,5% [5 mg] em sela) associada à sedação com propofol (alvo de 1 µg.mL-1 em bomba de infusão alvo controlada). A analgesia pós-operatória foi realizada com dipirona (1,5 g) e infiltração local de ropivacaína a 0,5% (150 mg). O paciente desenvolveu, no intra-operatório, crise miotônica (10 minutos após ser colocado em posição de litotomia) que foi controlada com sedação (aumento da concentração-alvo para 1,5 µg.mL-1 e bolus de 40 mg). Permaneceu estável e teve alta hospitalar no dia seguinte. CONCLUSÕES: O conhecimento da doença e o planejamento anestésico são de fundamental importância no manuseio de pacientes portadores de doença de Steinert.
Palavras-chave
DOENÇA, Neurológica, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Steinert disease is the most common muscular dystrophy of the adult. Due to its multisystem characteristic, the perioperative management of these patients is a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The aim of this report was to present a case of hemorrhoidectomy in a patient with muscular dystrophy and to discuss the several anesthetic implications involved. CASE REPORT: A man patient, 58 years old, with Steinert disease, who underwent hemorrhoidectomy. Subaracnoid block with hyperbaric bupivacaine (saddle block with puncture at L3-L4 with 0.5% bupivacaine [5 mg]) associated with sedation with propofol (1 µg.mL-1 target using a target-controlled infusion pump). Dypirone (1.5 g) and local infiltration with 0.5% ropivacaine (150 mg) were used for the postoperative analgesia. Intraoperatively, the patient developed myotonic crisis (10 minutes after being placed on the litothomy position) that was controlled by sedation (the target concentration was increased to 1.5 µg.mL-1 and given a bolus of 40 mg). The patient remained stable and was discharged the following day. CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge about the disease and the proper anesthetic planning are extremely important when managing patients with Steinert disease.
Keywords
ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional, DISEASE, Neurologic
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