Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942006000600001
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Comparação entre três técnicas regionais de analgesia pós-operatória em crianças com ropivacaína

Comparison among three techniques of postoperative regional analgesia with ropivacaine in children

Ana Maria Menezes Caetano; Gilliatt Hanois Falbo; Luciana Cavalcanti Lima

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942006000600001 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.56, n6, p.561-570, 2006
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor pós-operatória acarreta um aumento nos gastos e gera insatisfação dos pais com relação à prescrição analgésica para os seus filhos. A ropivacaína apresenta larga margem de segurança em anestesia regional em pediatria. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a anestesia peridural sacra (PS) com o bloqueio dos nervos ileoinguinal/ileohipogástrico (BIHII) e com a infiltração da ferida operatória (IFO) utilizando a ropivacaína para a analgesia pós-operatória em crianças. MÉTODO: Foram estudadas 87 crianças do sexo masculino, com idade entre 1 e 5 anos, submetidas a herniorrafias inguinais eletivas unilaterais. As crianças receberam de forma aleatória a PS, o BIHII ou a IFO. Pesquisou-se a necessidade de analgésico no pós-operatório, o tempo necessário para a sua 1ª dose, a intensidade da dor e o grau de bloqueio motor. RESULTADOS: No Grupo da IFO observou-se maior necessidade de analgésicos, e maior intensidade de dor nas primeiras duas horas, quando comparada com a PS e com o BIHII. Apenas crianças submetidas a PS apresentaram bloqueio motor de grau leve. O tempo médio da necessidade da 1ª dose de analgésico foi semelhante entre os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: O BIHII apresentou superioridade sobre a IFO, sobretudo nas primeiras duas horas de pós-operatório. As três técnicas anestésicas podem ser utilizadas com segurança e eficácia no controle da dor pós-operatória de herniorrafia inguinal em crianças.

Palavras-chave

ANALGESIA, Pós-operatória, ANESTÉSICOS, Local, CIRURGIA, Pediátrica, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postoperative pain increases cost and generates dissatisfaction among parents regarding to the analgesics prescribed to their children. Ropivacaine has a broad safety margin to be used for regional block in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to compare caudal epidural block (CE) with ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block (IINB) and infiltration of surgical wound (ISW) with ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in children. METHODS: Eighty-seven children, all males, ages 1 to 5, who underwent elective unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy participated in this study. Children were randomly assigned to receive CE, IINB, or ISW. The need for postoperative analgesia, length of time until the first dose, severity of pain, and degree of the motor blockade were evaluated. RESULTS: The need for analgesia and pain severity in the first two hours were greater for the ISW Group when compared with the CE and IINB Groups. Only the children in the CE Group presented a mild motor blockade. The mean length of time until de 1st dose of analgesic was similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block was superior to ISW, especially in the first two hours after the surgery. The three anesthetic techniques can be safely and effectively used to control postoperative pain in inguinal herniorrhaphy in children.

Keywords

ANALGESIA, Postoperative, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, ANESTHETICS, Local, SURGERY, Pediatric

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