Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942006000500003
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Volumes efetivos de anestésicos locais para o bloqueio do compartimento da fáscia ilíaca: estudo comparativo duplamente encoberto entre ropivacaína a 0,5% e bupivacaína a 0,5%

Effective volume of local anesthetics for fascia iliac compartment block: a double-blind, comparative study between 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine

Pablo Escovedo Helayel; Giovanni Lobo; Roberta Vergara; Diogo Brüggemann da Conceição; Getúlio Rodrigues de Oliveira Filho

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942006000500003 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.56, n5, p.454-460, 2006
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O bloqueio do compartimento da fáscia ilíaca é amplamente empregado como parte das técnicas anestésicas para intervenções cirúrgicas de quadril, coxa e joelho. A maioria dos estudos tem utilizado volumes fixos de ropivacaína ou de bupivacaína. Este estudo teve como objetivo calcular os volumes de ropivacaína a 0,5% e de bupivacaína a 0,5% efetivos em 50% (VE50), 95% (VE95) e 99% (VE99) dos casos para realização de bloqueios do compartimento da fáscia ilíaca. MÉTODO: Cinqüenta e um adultos agendados para intervenções cirúrgicas eletivas do quadril, diáfise femoral e joelho foram submetidos ao bloqueio do compartimento da fáscia ilíaca. Os pacientes foram aleatoriamente distribuídos e receberam ropivacaína a 0,5% (n = 25) ou bupivacaína a 0,5% (n = 26). O sucesso do bloqueio foi definido como bloqueio sensitivo completo das regiões anterior, medial e lateral da coxa. O volume anestésico foi determinado pelo método up-and-down de Massey e Dixon e os volumes efetivos foram calculados pelas fórmulas de Massey e Dixon (VE50) e por regressão de probits (VE50, VE95 e VE99). RESULTADOS: Os volumes anestésicos capazes de produzir bloqueio nervoso efetivo em 50% dos casos, calculados pela formula de Massey e Dixon, foram 28,79 mL (IC 95%: 26,31 - 31,5 mL) para ropivacaína e 29,56 mL (IC 95%: 25,22 - 34,64 mL) para bupivacaína (p = 0,62). Os volumes efetivos de ropivacaína capazes de bloquear 50%, 95% e 99% dos casos foram estimados pela regressão de probits como 28,8 mL (27,2 - 30,4), 34,3 mL (32,5 - 37,3) e 36,6 mL (34,3 - 40,5), respectivamente. Os volumes correspondentes de bupivacaína foram 29,5 mL (28,1 - 31,1), 36,1 mL (33,5 - 38,1), e 37,3 mL (35,1 - 41,3) (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Os volumes necessários de ropivacaína a 0,5% e bupivacaína a 0,5% com adrenalina 1:200.000 para o bloqueio do compartimento da fáscia ilíaca são similares.

Palavras-chave

ANESTÉSICOS, Local, ropivacaína, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Fascia iliac compartment block is widely used as one of the anesthetic techniques used for surgical interventions of the hip, thigh, and knee. The majority of the studies have used fixed volumes of ropivacaine or bupivacaine. The objective of this study was to calculate the effective volume of 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine in 50% (EV50%), 95% (EV95), and 99% (EV99) of the cases to achieve fascia iliac compartment block. METHODS: Fifty-one adults scheduled for elective surgical interventions of the hip, femoral diaphysis, and knee underwent fascia iliac compartment block. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% ropivacaine (n = 25) or 0.5% bupivacaine (n = 26). The success of the block was defined as a complete sensitive block of the anterior, medial, and lateral regions of the thigh. The volume of the anesthetic was determined by Massey and Dixon's up-and-down method, while the effective volume was calculated by Massey and Dixon's formula (EV50) and by probits regression (EV50, EV95, and EV99). RESULTS: The volume of anesthetic capable of producing an effective nervous anesthesia in 50% of the cases, calculated by Massey and Dixon formula, were 28.79 mL (CI 95%: 26.31 - 31.5 mL) for ropivacaine, and 29.56 mL (CI 95%: 25.22 - 34.64 mL) for bupivacaine (p = 0.62). The effective volumes of ropivacaine capable of producing a blocking in 50%, 95%, and 99% of the cases were estimated by probits regression as 28.8 mL (27.2 - 30.4), 34.3 mL (32.5 - 37.3), and 36.6 mL (34.3 - 40.5), respectively. The corresponding volumes of bupivacaine were 29.5 mL (28.1 - 31.1), 36.1 mL (33.5 - 38.1), and 37.3 mL (35.1 - 41.3) (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The volumes of 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 for the fascia iliac block are similar.

Keywords

ANESTHETICS, Local, ropivacaine, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional

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