Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942004000600012
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Information

Injeção subaracnóidea inadvertida de corticóide em tratamento de dor crônica da coluna lombar: relato de caso

Accidental subarachnoid steroid injection during chronic lumbar pain treatment: case report

Simone Maria D'Angelo Vanni

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942004000600012 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.54, n6, p.821-825, 2004
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Antes que os corticóides fossem utilizados no espaço peridural para o tratamento de dor crônica da coluna lombar, a injeção subaracnóidea desses agentes era a escolha. A técnica subaracnóidea pode levar a sérias complicações com seqüelas neurológicas, embora alguns autores ainda a preconizem. O objetivo deste relato é mostrar um caso de injeção inadvertida de corticóide associado ao anestésico local no espaço subaracnóideo, quando da realização de punção peridural para tratamento de dor na coluna lombar. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 46 anos, acompanhado pela neurocirurgia por apresentar ciatalgia à direita, há 9 meses, sem melhora com o tratamento clínico, devido a protrusão discal L4-L5 comprovada por estudo tomográfico, sem déficit neurológico. Foi realizada punção peridural para tratamento da dor, em L4-L5 com agulha 17G, e injetados 10 ml de solução contendo 4 ml de bupivacaína a 0,25%, 80 mg de metilprednisolona e 4 ml de solução fisiológica a 0,9%. Apesar de não se ter constatado refluxo de líquor, após 5 minutos da injeção ocorreram bloqueios sensitivo em T4 e motor em T6, associados à diminuição da pressão arterial e freqüência cardíaca. CONCLUSÕES: As punções subaracnóideas acidentais com associação de corticóides para tratamento de dor podem apresentar complicações. Os seus riscos são inúmeros, variando de sintomas temporários leves a lesões nervosas e, inclusive, na medula espinhal. O paciente em questão não apresentou nenhuma seqüela da injeção subaracnóidea inadvertida, provavelmente por ter sido injeção única.

Palavras-chave

COMPLICAÇÕES, DOR, DROGAS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Before epidural steroids were used in chronic lumbar pain, subarachnoid injection of these agents was the treatment of choice. Although still preconized by some authors, this technique may lead to severe complications with neurological sequelae. This report aimed at describing a case of accidental subarachnoid injection of steroid associated to local anesthetics during epidural puncture to treat lumbar pain. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 46 years old, followed by neurosurgery for presenting right sciatic pain for 9 month, refractory to clinical treatment due to L4-L5 disk protrusion confirmed by CT scan, without neurological deficit. Epidural puncture for pain treatment was performed in L4-L5 with 17G needle and 10 mL solution were injected containing 4 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine, 80 mg methylprednisolone and 4 mL of 0.9% saline. Although there has not been CSF reflux, 5 minutes after injection there were sensory block in T4 and motor block in T6, associated to blood pressure and heart rate decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Accidental subarachnoid injections with the association of steroids for pain relief may cause adverse effects. There are several risks, varying from mild transient symptoms to nervous injuries, including spinal cord injuries. Our patient had no sequelae from the accidental subarachnoid injection, probably because it has been a single injection.

Keywords

COMPLICATIONS, DRUGS, PAIN

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