Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942004000300006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Aspectos da função tireóidea em lactentes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea

Thyroid function profile in infants submitted to cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Paula Maria da Cruz; Carmem Narvaes Bello; Miguel Lorenzo Barbero Marcial; José Otávio Costa Auler Júnior

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942004000300006 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.54, n3, p.325-334, 2004
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea (CEC) relaciona-se à doença eutireóidea ou à depressão do eixo hipotálamo-hipofisário-tireóideo. O estado hemodinâmico incomum imposto pela CEC é responsável por diversas alterações endócrino-metabólicas, acarretando complexa resposta inflamatória sistêmica. Esta investigação teve como objetivo analisar o comportamento da triiodotironina (T3), tetraiodotironina (T4) e tireotrofina (TSH) em lactentes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com CEC. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 15 lactentes. As amostras de sangue para pesquisa de T3, T4 e TSH foram obtidas em 4 momentos designados: M1 - após a indução da anestesia; M2 - após o final da cirurgia; M3 - 6 horas após o final da cirurgia e M4 - 24 horas após o M1. Para complementar esta investigação, foram estudadas as variações dos seguintes parâmetros: pressão arterial média (PAM), temperatura sangüínea central (ºC), atributos da oxigenação tecidual e do equilíbrio ácido-base (M1, CEC, M2, M3 e M4). RESULTADOS: As médias de idade, peso, altura e superfície corpórea dos pacientes foram 3,9 meses; 4,708 kg; 0,65 m e 0,3 m², respectivamente. As concentrações plasmáticas de T3 (p < 0,0001), T4 (p < 0,0001) e TSH (p = 0,0021) variaram significativamente durante o período estudado, sendo que as de T3 declinaram progressivamente. As menores taxas de T3 e T4 coincidiram com as maiores de Ht e Hb, descartando os efeitos da hemodiluição. As maiores concentrações séricas de TSH demonstraram a provável reação do eixo hipotálamo-hipofisário-tireóideo aos efeitos da hipotermia e da absorção maciça pelo iodo (uso tópico de soluções anti-sépticas). Foram identificados aspectos da "Síndrome do T3 baixo" em todos os momentos estudados. CONCLUSÕES: Foram observadas alterações nas concentrações séricas de T3, T4 e TSH em lactentes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea.

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, CIRURGIA, HORMÔNIOS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is related to euthyroid disease or hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system depression. Abnormal hemodynamic status induced by CPB is responsible for several endocrine-metabolic changes, triggering complex systemic inflammatory response. This study aimed at evaluating triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4) and thyrotrophin (TSH) behavior in infants submitted to cardiac surgery with CPB. METHODS: Participated in this study 15 infants. Blood samples for T3, T4 and TSH evaluation were collected in four moments: M1 - after anesthetic induction; M2 - at surgery completion; M3 - six hours after surgery completion; M4 - 24 hours after M1. To complete this study the following parameters were evaluated: mean blood pressure (MBP), central blood temperature (ºC), tissue oxygenation and acid-base attributes (M1, CPB, M2, M3 and M4). RESULTS: The patients' means aged, weigh, height and body surface were 3.9 months; 4.708 kg; 0.65 m and 0.3 m² respectivety. Plasma T3 (p < 0.0001), T4 (p < 0.0001) and TSH (p = 0.0021) concentrations have significantly varied throughout the study with T3 concentrations progressively decreasing. Lowest T3 and T4 values were coincident with highest Ht and Hb values, discarding hemodilution effects. Highest serum TSH concentrations have shown a possible hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system reaction to hypothermia and of massive iodine absorption (topic use of antiseptic solutions). "Low T3 Syndrome" aspects were identified in all studied moments. CONCLUSIONS: There have been changes in serum T3, T4 and TSH concentrations in infants submitted to cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Keywords

ANESTHESIA, HORMONES, SURGERY

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