Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942004000300004
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Efeito da administração do atracúrio sobre a recuperação do bloqueio neuromuscular induzido pelo pancurônio

Effect of atracurium on pancuronium-induced neuromuscular block recovery

Luís Fernando Rodrigues Maria; Maria Angela Tardelli; Rita de Cássia Rodrigues

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942004000300004 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.54, n3, p.311-318, 2004
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Freqüentemente em cirurgias abdominais, na fase de fechamento da parede, há necessidade de doses adicionais de bloqueador neuromuscular. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar, na vigência de recuperação parcial do bloqueio neuromuscular induzido pelo pancurônio, o efeito da administração de dose complementar de atracúrio sobre a recuperação espontânea do bloqueio neuromuscular. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 30 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos, 14 pacientes formaram o grupo pancurônio e 16 pacientes, o grupo atracúrio. A função neuromuscular foi monitorizada de forma contínua por acelerometria do músculo adutor do polegar, utilizando a seqüência de quatro estímulos (SQE), através da estimulação supramáxima do nervo ulnar. A indução da anestesia foi feita com propofol, fentanil, pancurônio 0,08 mg.kg-1 e a manutenção com N2O 60% em oxigênio e isoflurano na concentração expirada de 0,5%. Quando a primeira contração da seqüência de quatro estímulos (T1) recuperou 25%, o grupo pancurônio recebeu pancurônio 0,025 mg.kg-1 e o grupo atracúrio, 0,20 mg.kg-1 de atracúrio. Após a dose complementar foram anotados os tempos para recuperação espontânea de T1 igual a 10%, 25%, 75%, do índice de recuperação (IR25-75%) e da relação T4/T1 igual a 0,8. RESULTADOS: Os tempos de recuperação espontânea após dose complementar de pancurônio ou atracúrio não diferiram quando avaliados pela recuperação de T1 em 10% (45,00 ± 15,50 vs 49,69 ± 9,41), 25% (61,64 ± 18,58 vs 64,25 ± 12,51) e 75% (94,00 ± 28,52 vs 84,69 ± 16,50). O IR25-75% (32,36 ± 13,76 vs 20,44 ± 9,24) e o tempo de recuperação da relação T4/T1 = 0,8 (176,86 ± 29,57 vs 141,50 ± 29,57) foram menores no grupo do atracúrio. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo, a complementação com atracúrio não promoveu alteração na recuperação espontânea inicial do bloqueio neuromuscular induzido pelo pancurônio e promoveu diminuição de 20% no tempo de recuperação total.

Palavras-chave

BLOQUEADORES NEUROMUSCULARES, BLOQUEADORES NEUROMUSCULARES, BLOQUEADORES NEUROMUSCULARES, MONITORIZAÇÃO

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Additional neuromuscular blocker doses are in general needed during wall closing after abdominal surgeries. This study aimed at determining during partial pancuronium-induced neuromuscular block recovery, the effect of additional atracurium dose on spontaneous neuromuscular block recovery. METHODS: Participated in this study 30 patients divided in two groups: pancuronium group (n = 14) and atracurium group (n = 16). Neuromuscular function was continuously monitored by accelerometry of abductor pollicis muscle using TOF to supramaximally stimulate ulnar nerve. Anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl and 0.08 mg.kg-1 pancuronium, and was maintained with 60% N2O in oxygen and 0.5% isoflurane expired concentration. When T1 returned to 25% of control, 0.025 mg.kg-1 pancuronium or 0.20 mg.kg-1 atracurium were administered to pancuronium or atracurium group, respectively. Time for spontaneous T1 recovery = 10%, 25%, 75% of recovery index (RI 25-75%) and time to T4/T1 equal 0.8 after complementary dose, were recorded. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups on T1 spontaneous recovery to 10% (45.00 ± 15.50 vs. 49.69 ± 9.41), 25% (61.64 ± 18.58 vs. 64.25 ± 12.51) and 75% (94.00 ± 28.52 vs. 84.69 ± 16.50). Recovery index (RI 25-75%) and time to T4/T1= 0.8 were shorter in the atracurium group. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, atracurium complementation has made no difference in initial spontaneous recovery of pancuronium-induced neuromuscular block, but has decreased total recovery time in 20%.

Keywords

MONITORING, NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS, NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS

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