Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942003000400006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Efeitos do halotano, isoflurano e sevoflurano nas respostas cardiovasculares ao pinçamento aórtico infra-renal: estudo experimental em cães

Effects of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane on cardiovascular responses to infrarenal aortic cross-clamping: experimental study in dogs

Flora Margarida Barra Bisinotto; José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942003000400006 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.53, n4, p.467-480, 2003
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O pinçamento infra-renal da aorta abdominal pode produzir alterações hemodinâmicas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do halotano, isoflurano e sevoflurano sobre a função cardiovascular, em cães submetidos à pinçamento aórtico infra-renal. MÉTODO: O estudo aleatório foi realizado em 30 cães, distribuídos em três grupos, de acordo com o anestésico halogenado utilizado durante a anestesia, em concentrações equipotentes de 0,75 CAM: GH (n=10) - halotano a 0,67%; GI (n=10) - isoflurano a 0,96%; e GS (n=10) - sevoflurano a 1,8%. Em todos os animais foi realizada ligadura infra-renal da aorta, por período de 30 min. Os atributos hemodinâmicos foram estudados nos momentos: C (Controle), Ao15 e Ao30, respectivamente após 15 e 30 minutos do pinçamento aórtico, e DAo e DAo15, respectivamente, imediatamente e após 15 min do despinçamento aórtico. RESULTADOS: Durante o pinçamento aórtico houve, em todos os grupos, aumento das pressões arterial média e do átrio direito, e dos índices cardíaco, sistólico e de trabalho sistólico dos ventrículos direito e esquerdo. A pressão da artéria pulmonar aumentou em GI e GS e a pressão pulmonar ocluída em GH e GI. Após o despinçamento aórtico, houve normalização dos atributos que haviam se elevado, com exceção dos índices cardíaco e sistólico, que continuaram elevados, acompanhados de diminuição do índice de resistência vascular sistêmica. Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos em relação aos atributos estudados, com exceção da freqüência cardíaca que foi sempre menor em GH, em relação aos demais grupos, durante o pinçamento e despinçamento aórtico. CONCLUSÕES: No cão, nas condições experimentais empregadas, a inalação do halotano, isoflurano e sevoflurano em concentrações equipotentes (0,75 CAM) não atenua as respostas cardiovasculares ao pinçamento aórtico infra-renal.

Palavras-chave

ANESTÉSICOS, ANESTÉSICOS, ANESTÉSICOS, ANESTÉSICOS, ANIMAL, CIRURGIA, CIRURGIA

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Infrarenal aortic cross-clamping is associated to cardiovascular effects. This study aimed at analyzing the effects of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane on cardiovascular function of dogs following infrarenal aortic cross-clamping. METHODS: Thirty mongrel dogs were randomly divided in three groups, according to equipotent (0.75 MAC) inhaled anesthetic doses: GH (n = 10) - 0.67% halothane; GI (n = 10) - 0.96% isoflurane; and GS (n = 10) - 1.8% sevoflurane. All dogs were submitted to infrarenal aortic cross-clamping for 30 minutes. Hemodynamic parameters were measured at control (C), at 15 (Ao15) and 30 (Ao30) minutes of aortic cross-clamping, and immediately (DAo) and 15 (DAo15) minutes after aortic unclamping. RESULTS: In all groups, infrarenal aortic cross-clamping significantly increased mean blood pressure, right atrial pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume index, left ventricular work index and right ventricular work index. Pulmonary artery pressure significantly increased during cross-clamping in GI and GS groups while pulmonary capillary wedge pressure significantly increased in GH and GI groups. After aortic unclamping all hemodynamic parameters have returned to control levels with the exception of cardiac and stroke volume indices which remained high, followed by systemic vascular resistance index decrease. There have been no significant differences among groups in studied attributes, except for heart rate which was always lower in GH group as compared to other groups during and after infrarenal aortic cross-clamping. CONCLUSIONS: In dogs under our experimental conditions, equipotent concentrations (0.75 MAC) of inhalational halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane have not attenuated cardiovascular responses to infrarenal aortic cross-clamping.

Keywords

ANESTHETICS, ANESTHETICS, ANESTHETICS, ANESTHETICS, ANIMAL, SURGERY, SURGERY

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