Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942002000500007
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Analgesia intra-articular com morfina, bupivacaína ou fentanil após operação de joelho por videoartroscopia

Intra-articular analgesia with morphine, bupivacaine or fentanyl after knee video-arthroscopy surgery

Rogério Helcias de Souza; Adriana Machado Issy; Rioko Kimiko Sakata

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942002000500007 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.52, n5, p.570-580, 2002
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O uso de métodos que promovam analgesia para dor do joelho sem prejudicar a função motora tem sido bastante pesquisado. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o efeito analgésico da morfina, da bupivacaína e do fentanil, com a solução fisiológica, injetada por via intra-articular após operação de joelho por videoartroscopia. MÉTODO: Sessenta pacientes foram divididos de forma aleatória, em quatro grupos: GI (n=15) - 10 ml de solução fisiológica; GII (n = 15) - 2 mg de morfina diluídos para 10 ml de solução fisiológica; GIII (n = 15) - 10 ml de bupivacaína a 0,25%; GIV (n = 15) - 100 µg de fentanil diluídos para 10 ml de solução fisiológica, injetados ao término da operação. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à anestesia subaracnóidea com 15 mg de bupivacaína hiperbárica. A intensidade da dor foi avaliada pela escala analógica visual (imediatamente após o término da operação e após 6, 12, 18 e 24 horas), bem como a necessidade de complementação analgésica (dipirona 1 g por via venosa). Foram anotados os possíveis efeitos colaterais. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa na intensidade da dor entre os grupos, na quase totalidade dos tempos estudados. Houve diferença estatística até seis horas, quando o grupo fentanil apresentou intensidade da dor significativamente menor. O grupo morfina necessitou de maior número de complementações com dipirona. Os efeitos colaterais foram mínimos, sem significância estatística. CONCLUSÕES: Não houve diferença significativa entre a analgesia promovida pelas soluções estudadas na maioria dos tempos investigados.

Palavras-chave

ANALGESIA, ANALGESIA, ANALGÉSICOS, ANALGÉSICOS, ANALGÉSICOS, CIRURGIA

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methods to promote knee pain analgesia without impairing motor function have been widely researched. This study aimed at comparing intra-articular morphine, bupivacaine, and fentanyl analgesic effects (as compared to saline solution), after knee video-arthroscopy. METHODS: Participated in this study 60 patients who were randomly distributed in four groups: GI (n = 15) 10 ml saline solution; GII (n = 15) 2 mg morphine diluted in 10 ml saline solution; GIII (n = 15) 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine; GIV (n = 15) 100 µg fentanyl diluted in 10 ml saline solution, injected at surgery completion. All patients received spinal anesthesia with 15 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine. Pain intensity was evaluated by a visual analog scale (VAS) (at surgery completion, and 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours later). The need for analgesic complementation (1 g intravenous dipirone) was also evaluated. Side effects were recorded. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in pain intensity among groups in almost all moments studied. There was a statistic difference up to 6 hours, when the fentanyl group had significantly lower pain. The morphine group needed more dipirone complementation. Side effects were minor, without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistical differences among solutions’ analgesic effects in almost all moments studied.

Keywords

ANALGESIA, ANALGESIA, ANALGESICS, ANALGESICS, ANALGESICS, SURGERY

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