Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942002000400007
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Efeitos da efedrina sobre as funções cardiovascular e renal de cães sob anestesia com pentobarbital sódico

Effects of rphedrine on cardiovascular and renal function of dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital

Rosa Beatriz Amorim; José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz; Yara Marcondes Machado Castiglia; Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna; Norma Sueli Pinheiro Módolo

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942002000400007 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.52, n4, p.434-445, 2002
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Com a perspectiva criada por algumas pesquisas de ações diferenciadas da efedrina sobre a função renal, dependendo da dose utilizada, e considerando-se as controvérsias ainda existentes a respeito dos seus efeitos sobre a função renal, esta pesquisa experimental tem como objetivo verificar se doses diferentes de efedrina determinam efeitos hemodinâmicos e renais diferenciados. MÉTODO: Em 32 cães anestesiados com pentobarbital sódico (PS), submetidos a preparação cirúrgica, cateterismo, monitorização, expansão do volume do fluido extracelular e respiração controlada, foi estudada a hemodinâmica cardiovascular e renal e a função renal. Os cães foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: G controle (n = 8), com os cães permanecendo apenas sob o efeito do PS, G ef. 2 µg (n = 8), G ef. 10 µg (n = 8) e G ef. 100 µg (n = 8), com os cães recebendo efedrina nas doses respectivas de 2, 10 e 100 µg.kg-1.min-1. Os atributos cardiovasculares e renais foram estudados em 5 momentos: controle (M1 e M2), durante a infusão de efedrina (M3 e M4) e após a suspensão da infusão de efedrina (M5). RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos em relação aos atributos estudados. Em G ef. 2 µg houve aumento significante de freqüência cardíaca, fluxo sangüíneo aórtico, débito urinário e excreção fracionária de sódio. Em G ef. 10 µg houve aumento apenas da freqüência cardíaca e fração de filtração, enquanto em G ef. 100 µg ocorreu aumento de freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial média, pressão venosa central, fluxo sangüíneo aórtico e hematócrito; por outro lado, ocorreu diminuição dos fluxos plasmático e sangüíneo renais e aumento da resistência vascular renal. CONCLUSÕES: A efedrina, dependendo da dose utilizada, apresenta ações hemodinâmicas e renais diferenciadas.

Palavras-chave

ANIMAL, DROGAS, HIPNÓTICOS, RIM

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Some studies have shown differentiated dose-dependent effects of ephedrine on cardiovascular and renal functions. This study aimed at verifying whether different ephedrine doses determine differentiated hemodynamic and renal effects. METHODS: Cardiovascular and renal hemodynamics and renal function were evaluated in 32 dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (SP) for surgical preparation, catheterization, extracellular fluid volume expansion and mechanical ventilation. Dogs were randomly distributed in four groups: G control (n = 8), in which dogs remained only under the effect of SP; G ephedrine 2 µg (n = 8); G ephedrine 10 µg (n = 8); and G ephedrine 100 µg (n = 8), in which dogs received 2, 10, and 100 µg.kg-1.min-1 ephedrine, respectively. Cardiovascular and renal parameters were studied at control (M1 and M2), during ephedrine infusion (M3 and M4) and after ephedrine infusion withdrawal (M5). RESULTS: There were no significant differences among groups. There has been a significant increase in heart rate, aortic blood flow, urinary output and fractional sodium excretion in G ephedrine 2 µg. There has been a significant increase in heart rate and filtration fraction in G ephedrine 10 µg while in G ephedrine 100 µg there has been a significant increase in heart rate, mean blood pressure, aortic blood flow, central venous pressure, renal vascular resistance and hematocrit, and a significant decrease in renal plasma and blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: Our study has shown that ephedrine has differentiated dose-dependent hemodynamic and renal effects.

Keywords

ANIMAL, DRUGS, HYPNOTICS, KIDNEY

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