Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942002000300010
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Information

Doença de Moyamoya e anestesia com sevoflurano fora do centro cirúrgico: relato de caso

Moyamoya disease and sevoflurane anesthesia outside the surgery center: case report

Sheila Braga Machado; Florentino Fernandes Mendes; Adriana de Campos Angelini

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942002000300010 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.52, n3, p.344-347, 2002
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A doença de Moyamoya é uma desordem cerebrovascular progressiva que representa um desafio anestésico em virtude da precária circulação cerebral destes pacientes, constituindo-se numa importante causa de acidente vascular cerebral em indivíduos jovens. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar o caso de um paciente com doença de Moyamoya que foi submetido à anestesia geral com sevoflurano para procedimento diagnóstico fora do centro cirúrgico. RELATO DO CASO: Criança com 13 anos, estado físico ASA IV, portadora de doença de Moyamoya com seqüela neurológica após três acidentes vasculares cerebrais, insuficiência renal crônica e hipertensão arterial sistêmica, submetida à endoscopia digestiva alta. Em decúbito dorsal e após monitorização, realizou-se indução inalatória pela cânula de traqueostomia com sevoflurano (aumento gradual da concentração inspiratória até 6%) e mistura de oxigênio/óxido nitroso a 50%. Um cateter venoso foi inserido para infusão de solução glicosada a 5%. Foi realizada ventilação controlada manual, sendo a manutenção da anestesia feita com sevoflurano a 4% e mistura de oxigênio/óxido nitroso a 50%. Ao final do procedimento os agentes anestésicos foram descontinuados simultaneamente e foi administrado oxigênio a 100%. A anestesia foi satisfatória, com boa estabilidade hemodinâmica, sem ocorrência de complicações durante o procedimento e com despertar precoce. CONCLUSÕES: O sevoflurano pode oferecer novas perspectivas para a anestesia inalatória em pacientes com doença neurológica que realizam procedimento ambulatorial, já que permite boa estabilidade hemodinâmica e despertar precoce, preservando a fisiologia cerebral.

Palavras-chave

ANESTÉSICOS, Volátil, DOENÇAS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Moyamoya disease is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder implying anesthetic challenges due to patients’ poor brain perfusion, in addition to being a major cause for stroke in young people. This report aimed at describing a case of Moyamoya’s disease in a patient submitted to general anesthesia with sevoflurane for a diagnostic procedure outside the surgery center. CASE REPORT: Male child, 13 years old, physical status ASA IV, with Moyamoya disease and neurological sequelae after three previous strokes, chronic renal failure and systemic hypertension admitted for high digestive endoscopy. In the supine position and after monitoring, inhalational induction was attained through the tracheostomy canulla with sevoflurane (gradual inhaled concentration increase up to 6%) in a mixture of 50% oxygen/nitrous oxide. An intravenous catheter was inserted for 5% glucose solution infusion. Manual controlled ventilation was started and anesthesia was maintained with 4% sevoflurane in 50% oxygen/nitrous oxide. At the end of the procedure, all anesthetic agents were simultaneously withdrawn and 100% oxygen was administered. Anesthesia was satisfactory, with good hemodynamic stability, without complications and with early emergence. CONCLUSIONS: Sevoflurane may open new perspectives for inhalational anesthesia in patients with neurological diseases to be submitted to outpatient procedures, since it provides hemodynamic stability and early emergence, while preserving brain physiology.

Keywords

ANESTHETICS, Volatile, DISEASES

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