Cannabis and pain: a scoping review
Cannabis e dor: uma revisão de escopo
Camila Pantoja-Ruiz; Paula Restrepo-Jimenez; Camilo Castañeda-Cardona; Alexandra Ferreirós; Diego Rosselli
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
Por séculos, a cannabis tem sido usada com muitos propósitos diferentes, incluindo o uso medicinal, geralmente contornando qualquer processo de aprovação formal. No entanto, durante a última década, o interesse pela cannabis na medicina tem aumentado, e vários países, incluindo os Estados Unidos e o Canadá, produziram sua própria legislação sobre a maconha e os medicamentos à base de cannabis. Por conta disso, o interesse por pesquisas vem crescendo examinando as evidências de cannabis na dor. A cannabis demonstrou ser útil na dor aguda e crônica, no entanto, recentemente, esses resultados foram controversos. Entre os diferentes tipos de dor crônica, tem uma evidência fraca para dor neuropática, reumática e cefaleia, evidência modesta para dor relacionada à esclerose múltipla e como terapia adjuvante na dor oncológica. Não há evidências fortes para recomendar cannabis a fim de diminuir os opioides em pacientes com uso crônico. Embora os medicamentos à base de cannabis pareçam ser em sua maioria seguros, efeitos adversos leves são comuns; sonolência, sedação, amnésia, humor eufórico, hiperidrose, paranoia e confusão podem limitar o uso de cannabis na prática clínica. Os riscos não foram analisados sistematicamente. Uma preocupação especial surge sobre como o efeito adverso pode afetar a população vulnerável, como pacientes idosos. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para avaliar benefícios e riscos, bem como a via e dosagens ideais de administração. Como o uso de cannabis aumenta em vários países, as respostas a essas perguntas podem chegar em breve.
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References
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Submitted date:
04/23/2020
Accepted date:
06/26/2021
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