Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.05.003
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Case Report

Anesthetic management of child with Gitelman Syndrome: case report

Controle anestésico em criança com Síndrome de Gitelman: relato de caso

Sara Ferreira, Cláudia Antunes, Marta Pereira, Susana Rodrigues

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Abstract

Gitelman syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease that affects the thiazidesensitive sodium-chloride cotransport channels and the magnesium channels in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. There is no cure for this condition and supportive treatment relies on ionic supplementation and symptom management. Literature regarding the anesthetic approach is scarce. This case report presents the anesthetic management of a child with Gitelman syndrome and its difficult electrolyte optimization.

Keywords

Anesthesia;  Gitelman syndrome;  Hypokalemia;  Case report

Resumo

A síndrome de Gitelman é uma doença hereditária autossômica recessiva rara que afeta os canais de cotransporte de cloreto de sódio sensíveis a tiazidas e os canais de magnésio no túbulo contorcido distal, levando a alcalose metabólica hipocalêmica, hipomagnesemia e hipocalciúria. Não há cura para essa condição e o tratamento de suporte depende de suplementação iônica e controle dos sintomas. A literatura sobre a abordagem anestésica é escassa. Este relato de caso apresenta o manejo anestésico de uma criança com síndrome de Gitelman e sua difícil otimização eletrolítica.

Palavras-chave

Anestesia; Síndrome de Gitelman; Hipocalemia; Relato de caso

References

1 J.D. Farmer, G.M. Vasdev, D.P. Martin Perioperative considerations in patients with Gitelman syndrome J Clin Anesth, 24 (2012), pp. 14-18

2 R.B. Shah, V.R. Shah, G. Parikh, et al. Anesthesia in a patient with gitelman syndrome Anesthesiol Clin Pharmacol, 32 (2016), pp. 405-406

3 J. Bolton, J.F. Mayhew Anesthesia in a patient with Gitelman syndrome Anesthesiology, 105 (2006), pp. 1064-1065

4 E. Schneck, S. Shaumberg, C. Koch, et al. Anesthesiological management of Gitelman syndrome: Teaching example on physiology and pathophysiology of electrolyte balance Anesthesist, 62 (2013), pp. 728-733

5 M.C. Pardo Jr R.D. Miller (Ed.), Basics of Anesthesia (7th edition), Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA (2018)

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Braz J Anesthesiol

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