Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.04.003
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Research

Remifentanil reduces glutamate toxicity in rat olfactory bulb neurons in culture

Remifentanil reduz a toxicidade do glutamato em neurônios do bulbo olfatório de rato em cultura

Muhammet Emin Naldan, Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi

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Abstract

Background
Opioids are widely used as an analgesic drug in the surgical setting. Remifentanil is an ultra-short acting opioid with selective affinity to the mu (μ) receptor, and also exhibits GABA agonist effects. The aim of this study was study of the neurotoxic or neuroprotective effect of different doses of remifentanil in glutamate-induced toxicity in olfactory neuron cell culture.

Materials and methods
Olfactory neurons were obtained from newborn Sprague Dawley rat pups. Glutamate 10-5 mM was added to all culture dishes, except for the negative control group. Remifentanil was added at three different doses for 24 hours, after which evaluation was performed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), and Annexin V.

Results
The highest and lowest viability values were obtained from the low and high remifentanil doses at approximately 91% and 75%, respectively. TAC and TOS were correlated with the MTT results. TAC, TOS and MTT most closely approximated to the sham group values in the remifentanil 0.02 mM group.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that remifentanil has the potential to reduce glutamate toxicity and to increase cell viability in cultured neuron from the rat olfactory bulb.

Keywords

Remifentanil,  Olfactory bulb neuron,  Glutamate,  Neurotoxicity

Resumo

Justificativa: Os opioides são amplamente usados como analgésicos em ambiente cirúrgico. O remifentanil é um opioide de ação ultracurta com afinidade seletiva para o receptor mu (μ) e também exibe efeitos agonistas GABA. O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar o efeito neurotóxico ou neuroprotetor de diferentes doses de remifentanil na toxicidade induzida por glutamato em cultura de células de neurônios olfatórios. Materiais e métodos: Os neurônios olfatórios foram obtidos de filhotes de ratos Sprague Dawley recém-nascidos. Glutamato 10-5 mM foi adicionado a todas as placas de cultura, exceto para o grupo de controle negativo. Remifentanil foi adicionado em três doses diferentes por 24 horas, após o que a avaliação foi realizada usando brometo de 3- (4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il) -2,5-difeniltetrazólio (MTT), capacidade antioxidante total (TAC), status oxidante total (TOS) e anexina V. Resultados: Os valores de viabilidade mais altos e mais baixos foram obtidos com as doses baixa e alta de remifentanil em aproximadamente 91% e 75%, respectivamente. TAC e TOS foram correlacionados com os resultados do MTT. TAC, TOS e MTT mais próximos dos valores do grupo sham no grupo remifentanil 0,02 mM. Conclusões: Nossos resultados sugerem que o remifentanil tem o potencial de reduzir a toxicidade do glutamato e aumentar a viabilidade celular em cultura de neurônios do bulbo olfatório de rato.

Palavras-chave

Remifentanil; Neurônio do bulbo olfatório; Glutamato; Neurotoxicidade.

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