Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2020.04.006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Case Report

Paraspinous Sagittal Shift (PSSS): a novel approach for transmuscular quadratus lumborum block for hip surgery analgesia – four cases report

Paraespinhoso Sagital (PES): nova técnica no bloqueio transmuscular do quadrado lombar para analgesia em cirurgia de quadril–relato de quatro casos

Ahmad S. Alabd, Moustafa A. Moustafa, Aly M.M. Ahmed

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Abstract

Background
Effective pain management is essential for successful rehabilitation and enhanced recovery after joint arthroplasty. The Quadratus Lumborum Block (QLB) has mostly been described for abdominal surgery, but has also recently been applied to hip surgery patients.

Methods
In the following cases series, we suggest a modification of the TQL block described as Paraspinous Sagittal Shift QL block. We hypothesize that this approach may allow better LA spread to the lumbar nerve roots. Such technique involves a craniocaudal approach of LA injection between the QL and PM muscles behind the Anterior Thoracolumbar Fascia (ATLF) at the level of L4. Cases were provided with combined GA and PSSS modification of QL block via a single shot or catheter technique.

Results
Sensory distribution of the block in the four patients studied was found to cover the area between the T11–12 and L4–5 dermatomes. Spread of the injectate was confirmed via an A–P fluoroscopy imaging of the lumbosacral spine after injection of a mixture of LA and a contrast in the plane between the QL and PM muscles in two cases.

Conclusions
The PSSS technique for TQL block may be beneficial as a part of multimodal analgesia for hip surgeries. This technique may be a safe alternative to psoas compartment block; however, future comparative studies are recommended. The PSSS technique for TQL block also may provide an easy access for catheter insertion.

Keywords

Quadratus lumborum;  Block;  Hip

Resumo

Justificativa
O controle efetivo da dor é essencial para a reabilitação bem sucedida e melhor recuperação após artroplastia. O bloqueio do quadrado lombar tem sido descrito principalmente para cirurgia abdominal, mas também tem sido usado recentemente para pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de quadril.

Método
Na série de casos a seguir, sugerimos modificação na técnica do bloqueio transmuscular do quadrado lombar descrita como bloqueio do Quadrado Lombar Paraespinhoso Sagital (PES). Nossa hipótese é de que a técnica permitiria melhor dispersão do anestésico local para as raízes dos nervos lombares. Tal técnica envolve acesso craniocaudal para injeção do anestésico local entre os músculos quadrado lombar e psoas maior atrás da Fáscia Toracolombar Anterior (FTLA) no nível de L4. Os casos foram submetidos a anestesia geral combinada a técnica modificada PES para bloqueio do quadrado lombar via injeção única ou cateter.

Resultados
Verificou-se que a distribuição sensorial do bloqueio nos quatro pacientes estudados cobriu a área entre os dermátomos T11–12 e L4–5. A dispersão do anestésico injetado foi confirmada via fluoroscopia A–P da coluna lombo sacral após injeção, em dois casos, de solução de anestésico local e contraste no plano entre os músculos quadrado lombar e psoas maior.

Conclusões
A técnica PES para bloqueio transmuscular do quadrado lombar pode ser benéfica como componente da analgesia multimodal para cirurgias de quadril. A técnica pode ser alternativa segura para bloqueio do compartimento psoas; entretanto, estudos comparativos futuros são recomendados. A técnica PES para bloqueio transmuscular do quadrado lombar pode também fornecer acesso fácil para inserção do cateter.

Palavras-chave

Quadrado lombar;  Bloqueio;  Quadril

References

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