Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in the post-anesthetic care unit: a prospective prognostic pilot study

Fabrício Tavares Mendonça; Marcelo Cabral de Lucena; Raul Silva Quirino; Catia Sousa Govêia; Gabriel Magalhaes Nunes Guimarães

doi:10.1016/j.bjane.2018.11.002

Scientific Article

Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in the post-anesthetic care unit: a prospective prognostic pilot study

Fatores de risco para hipotermia pós-operatória em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica: estudo piloto prospectivo de prognóstico

Fabrício Tavares Mendonça; Marcelo Cabral de Lucena; Raul Silva Quirino; Catia Sousa Govêia; Gabriel Magalhaes Nunes Guimarães

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2018.11.002 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.69, n2, p.122-130, 2019

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Abstract

Abstract Background: Hypothermia occurs in up to 20% of perioperative patients. Systematic postoperative temperature monitoring is not a standard of care in Brazil and there are few publications about temperature recovery in the postoperative care unit. Design and setting: Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study, at Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal and Hospital Materno Infantil de Brasília. Methods: At admission and discharge from postoperative care unit, patients undergoing elective or urgent surgical procedures were evaluated according to tympanic temperature, vital signs, perioperative adverse events, and length of stay in postoperative care unit and length of hospital stay. Results: 78 patients, from 18 to 85 years old, were assessed. The incidence of temperatures <36 ºC at postoperative care unit admission was 69.2%. Spinal anesthesia (p < 0.0001), cesarean section (p = 0.03), and patients who received morphine (p = 0.005) and sufentanil (p = 0.003) had significantly lower temperatures through time. During postoperative care unit stay, the elderly presented a greater tendency to hypothermia and lower recovery ability from this condition when compared to young patients (p < 0.001). Combined anesthesia was also associated to higher rates of hypothermia, followed by regional and general anesthesia alone (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, this pilot study showed that perioperative hypothermia is still a prevalent problem in our anesthetic practice. More than half of the analyzed patients presented hypothermia through postoperative care unit admission. We have demonstrated the feasibility of a large, multicenter, cross-sectional study of postoperative hypothermia in the post-anesthetic care unit.

Keywords

Body temperature, Hypothermia, Anesthesia, Postoperative care

Resumo

Resumo Justificativa: A hipotermia ocorre em até 20% dos pacientes no perioperatório. A monitoração sistemática pós-operatória da temperatura não é um padrão de atendimento no Brasil e há poucas publicações sobre recuperação da temperatura na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica. Desenho e cenário: Estudo multicêntrico, observacional, transversal, conduzido no Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal e no Hospital Materno Infantil de Brasília. Métodos: Na admissão e alta da sala de recuperação pós-anestesia, os pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos ou de urgência foram avaliados de acordo com a temperatura timpânica, sinais vitais, eventos adversos perioperatórios, tempo de permanência na sala de recuperação pós-anestesia e tempo de internação hospitalar. Resultados: Setenta e oito pacientes com idades entre 18 e 85 anos foram avaliados. A incidência de temperatura <36 ºC na admissão à sala de recuperação pós-anestesia foi de 69,2%. Raquianestesia (p < 0,0001), cesariana (p = 0,03) e os pacientes que receberam morfina (p = 0,005) e sufentanil (p = 0,003) apresentaram temperaturas significativamente menores ao longo do tempo. Durante a permanência na sala de recuperação pós-anestesia, os pacientes idosos apresentaram uma tendência maior a apresentarem hipotermia e menor capacidade de recuperação dessa condição, em comparação com os pacientes jovens (p < 0,001). Anestesia combinada também foi associada a taxas mais altas de hipotermia, seguida pelas anestesias regional e geral isoladas (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Em conclusão, este estudo piloto mostrou que a hipotermia perioperatória ainda é um problema prevalente em nossa prática anestésica. Mais de metade dos pacientes analisados apresentaram hipotermia durante a admissão à sala de recuperação pós-anestésica. Demonstramos a viabilidade de um grande estudo multicêntrico, transversal, de hipotermia pós-operatória em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica.

Palavras-chave

Temperatura corporal, Hipotermia, Anestesia, Cuidados pós-operatórios

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Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in the post-anesthetic care unit: a prospective prognostic pilot study

Fatores de risco para hipotermia pós-operatória em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica: estudo piloto prospectivo de prognóstico

Fabrício Tavares Mendonça; Marcelo Cabral de Lucena; Raul Silva Quirino; Catia Sousa Govêia; Gabriel Magalhaes Nunes Guimarães

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