Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2018.03.001
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Adverse postoperative cognitive disorders: a national survey of portuguese anesthesiologists

Distúrbios cognitivos adversos no pós-operatório: uma pesquisa nacional de anestesiologistas portugueses

Maria J. Susano; Liliana Vasconcelos; Tiago Lemos; Pedro Amorim; Fernando J. Abelha

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2018.03.001 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.68, n5, p.472-483, 2018
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Abstract

Abstract Background and objectives Postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction are some of the most common complications in older surgical patients and are associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate portuguese anesthesiologists’ perspectives and knowledge about adverse postoperative cognitive disorders, and routine clinical practice when caring for older surgical patients. Methods We used a prospective online survey with questions using a Likert scale from 1 to 5 (completely disagree to completely agree), or yes/no/don’t know answer types. Potential participants were portuguese anesthesiologists working in hospitals affiliated with the portuguese national health system and private hospitals. Results We analyzed 234 surveys (17.7% of total potential respondents). The majority believed that the risk of cognitive side effects should be considered when choosing the type of anesthesia (87.6%) and that preoperative cognitive function should be routinely assessed (78.6%). When caring for an agitated and confused patient postoperatively, 62.4% would first administer an analgesic and 11.1% an anxiolytic. Protocols to screen and manage postoperative cognitive disorders are rarely used. Nearly all respondents believe that postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction are neglected areas in anesthesiology. Conclusions Overall, participants perceive postoperative cognitive disorders as important adverse outcomes following surgery and anesthesia are aware of the main risk factors for their development but may lack information on prevention and management of postoperative delirium. The majority of hospitals do not have protocols regarding preoperative cognitive assessment, diagnosis, management or follow-up of patients with delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Keywords

Postoperative period, Neurocognitive disorders, Delirium, Cognitive dysfunction, Surveys and questionnaires

Resumo

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos O delírio pós-operatório e a disfunção cognitiva pós-operatória são algumas das complicações mais comuns em pacientes cirúrgicos mais idosos e estão associados a desfechos adversos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as perspectivas e conhecimentos de anestesiologistas portugueses sobre distúrbios cognitivos pós-operatórios e a prática clínica de rotina ao cuidar de pacientes cirúrgicos idosos. Métodos Pesquisa prospectiva on-line com perguntas usando uma escala Likert de 1–5 (discordo completamente–concordo completamente), ou respostas como sim/não/não sei. Os potenciais participantes eram anestesiologistas portugueses que trabalhavam em hospitais afiliados ao sistema nacional de saúde português e hospitais privados. Resultados Analisamos 234 resultados (17,7% do total dos potenciais respondentes). A maioria acreditava que o risco de efeitos colaterais cognitivos deveria ser considerado ao escolher o tipo de anestesia (87,6%) e que a função cognitiva pré-operatória deveria ser rotineiramente avaliada (78,6%). Ao cuidar de um paciente agitado e confuso no pós-operatório, 62,4% administraram primeiro um analgésico e 11,1% um ansiolítico. Protocolos para detectar e tratar distúrbios cognitivos pós-operatórios são raramente usados. Quase todos os entrevistados acreditam que o delírio pós-operatório e a disfunção cognitiva pós-operatória são áreas negligenciadas na anestesiologia. Conclusões Em geral, os participantes percebem os distúrbios cognitivos pós-operatórios como importantes resultados adversos após a cirurgia e anestesia, estão cientes dos principais fatores de risco para seu desenvolvimento, mas podem não ter informações sobre como prevenir e tratar o delírio pós-operatório. A maioria dos hospitais não possui protocolos de avaliação cognitiva pré-operatória, diagnóstico, tratamento ou acompanhamento de pacientes com delírio e disfunção cognitiva no pós-operatório.

Palavras-chave

Período pós-operatório, Distúrbios neurocognitivos, Disfunção cognitiva, Pesquisas e questionários

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