Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2015.09.001
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Review Article

Benefit of general anesthesia monitored by bispectral index compared with monitoring guided only by clinical parameters. Systematic review and meta-analysis

Benefício da anestesia geral com monitoração do índice bispectral em comparação com o monitoramento guiado apenas por parâmetros clínicos. Revisão sistemática e metanálise

Carlos Rogério Degrandi Oliveira; Wanderley Marques Bernardo; Victor Moisés Nunes

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2015.09.001 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.67, n1, p.72-84, 2017
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Abstract

Abstract Background: The bispectral index parameter is used to guide the titration of general anesthesia; however, many studies have shown conflicting results regarding the benefits of bispectral index monitoring. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical impact of monitoring with the bispectral index parameter. Methods: The search for evidence in scientific information sources was conducted during December 2013 to January 2015, the following primary databases: Medline/PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, CINAHL, Ovid, SCOPUS and TESES. The criteria for inclusion in the study were randomized controlled trials, comparing general anesthesia monitored, with bispectral index parameter with anesthesia guided solely by clinical parameters, and patients aged over 18 years. The criteria for exclusion were studies involving anesthesia or sedation for diagnostic procedures, and intraoperative wake-up test for surgery of the spine. Results: The use of monitoring with the bispectral index has shown benefits reducing time to extubation, orientation in time and place, and discharge from both the operating room and post anesthetic care unit. The risk of nausea and vomiting after surgery was reduced by 12% in patients monitored with bispectral index. Occurred a reduction of 3% in the risk of cognitive impairment postoperatively at 3 months postoperatively and 6% reduction in the risk of postoperative delirium in patients monitored with bispectral index. Furthermore, the risk of intraoperative memory has been reduced by 1%. Conclusion: Clinically, anesthesia monitoring with the BIS can be justified because it allows advantages from reducing the recovery time after waking, mainly by reducing the administration of general anesthetics as well as the risk of adverse events.

Keywords

General anesthesia, Anesthetics, Inhalation, Intravenous anesthesia, Bispectral index-monitoring

Resumo

Resumo Justificativa: O parâmetro índice bispectral (BIS) é usado para guiar a titulação da anestesia geral; no entanto, muitos estudos têm mostrado resultados conflitantes quanto aos benefícios da monitoração do BIS. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática com metanálise foi avaliar o impacto clínico da monitoração do parâmetro BIS. Métodos: A busca por evidências em fontes de informação científicas foi conduzida de dezembro de 2013 a janeiro de 2015 nas seguintes bases de dados: Medline/PubMed, Lilacs, Cochrane, Cinahl, Ovid, Scopus e Teses. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos randomizados e controlados, que compararam anestesia geral monitorada com o parâmetro BIS com anestesia guiada apenas por parâmetros clínicos em pacientes com mais de 18 anos. Os critérios de exclusão foram estudos que envolveram anestesia ou sedação para procedimentos de diagnóstico e teste de despertar no intraoperatório de cirurgia da coluna vertebral. Resultados: O uso de monitoração com o BIS mostrou benefícios como a redução do tempo de extubação, orientação no tempo e no espaço, alta da sala de cirurgia e da sala de recuperação pós-anestesia. O risco de náuseas e vômitos no pós-operatório foi reduzido em 12% em pacientes monitorados com o BIS. Ocorreu uma redução de 3% no risco de disfunção cognitiva em três meses do pós-operatório e 6% no risco de delírio pós-operatório em pacientes monitorados com o BIS. Além disso, o risco de despertar com memória intraoperatória foi reduzido em 1%. Conclusão: Clinicamente, a monitoração com o BIS pode ser justificada, pois permite vantagens como reduzir o tempo de recuperação, principalmente, a administração de anestésicos gerais e o risco de eventos adversos.

Palavras-chave

Anestesia geral, Anestésicos, Inalação, Anestesia intravenosa, Monitoração do índice bispectral

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