Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.05.013
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Informations

Anesthesia in pregnant women with HELLP syndrome: case report

Anestesia para gestante com síndrome HELLP: relato de caso

Eduardo Barbin Zuccolotto; Eugenio Pagnussatt Neto; Glínia Cavalcante Nogueira; José Roberto Nociti

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.05.013 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.66, n6, p.657-660, 2016
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Abstract

Abstract Background and objectives: HELLP syndrome, characterized by hemolysis, high levels of liver enzyme, and low platelet count, is an advanced clinical stage of pre-eclampsia, progressing to high maternal (24%) and perinatal (up 40%) mortality, despite childbirth care in a timely manner. The goal is to describe the anesthetic management of a case with indication to emergency cesarean. Case report: Female patient, 36 years old, gestational age of 24 weeks, with hypertensive crisis (BP 180/100 mmHg) and severe headache, was admitted to the operating room for a cesarean section after diagnosis of HELLP syndrome. Indicated for general anesthesia, we opted for total intravenous with intubation after rapid sequence induction with propofol and remifentanil in continuous target-controlled infusion, and rocuronium at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg. Maintenance was achieved with propofol and remifentanil. The surgical procedure was uneventful, the child was born with APGAR 1/5 and transferred to the NICU. At the end of surgery, the patient was extubated in the operating room and taken to the ICU. The postoperative period was uneventful with no changes worthy of note and the patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day. Conclusion: When general anesthesia is the choice in parturient with HELLP syndrome, tracheal intubation with rapid sequence induction due to possible difficult airway, as well as the use of drugs to control the hemodynamic response can minimize the complications associated with the procedure, as occurred in this case.

Keywords

HELLP syndrome, Cesarean section, Propofol, Remifentanil

Resumo

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A síndrome HELLP, caracterizada por hemólise, elevação dos níveis de enzimas hepáticas e plaquetopenia, representa estágio clínico avançado da pré-eclâmpsia, cursando com elevada mortalidade materna (24%) e perinatal (até 40%), apesar da assistência ao parto de forma oportuna. O objetivo é descrever o manejo anestésico de um caso com indicação de cesariana de emergência. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 36 anos, idade gestacional 24 semanas, com crise hipertensiva (PA 180/100 mmHg) e cefaleia intensa, é encaminhada ao Centro Cirúrgico para operação cesariana após diagnóstico de síndrome HELLP. Indicada anestesia geral, optou-se por venosa total com intubação após indução sequencial rápida, com propofol e remifentanil em infusão contínua alvo-controlada e rocurônio na dose de 1,2 mg/kg. A manutenção foi obtida com propofol e remifentanil. O procedimento cirúrgico transcorreu sem anormalidades, a criança nasceu com APGAR 1/5 e foi encaminhada à UTI Neonatal. Ao final da cirurgia, procedeu-se à extubação na sala cirúrgica e a paciente foi encaminhada ao CTI. O pós-operatório decorreu sem alterações dignas de nota e a paciente teve alta no sexto dia pós-operatório. Conclusão: Quando se opta pela anestesia geral em parturiente com síndrome HELLP, a intubação traqueal com técnica de indução sequencial rápida em função de possível via aérea difícil, bem como o emprego de drogas que controlem a resposta hemodinâmica, podem minimizar as complicações associadas ao procedimento, como ocorreu no presente caso.

Palavras-chave

Síndrome HELLP, Cesariana, Propofol, Remifentanil

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