Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.01.002
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Effects of dexmedetomidine in conjunction with remote ischemic preconditioning on renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Efeitos de dexmedetomidina em conjunto com o pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto em lesão de isquemia-reperfusão renal em ratos

Emine Bagcik; Sevda Ozkardesler; Nilay Boztas; Bekir Ugur Ergur; Mert Akan; Mehmet Guneli; Sule Ozbilgin

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.01.002 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.64, n6, p.382-390, 2014
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Abstract

Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning by brief ischemia of unilateral hind limb when combined with dexmedetomidine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by histopathology and active caspase-3 immunoreactivity in rats. Methods: 28 Wistar albino male rats were divided into 4 groups. Group I (Sham, n = 7): Laparotomy and renal pedicle dissection were performed at 65th minute of anesthesia and the rats were observed under anesthesia for 130min. Group II (ischemia-reperfusion, n = 7): At 65th minute of anesthesia bilateral renal pedicles were clamped. After 60 min ischemia 24 h of reperfusion was performed. Group III (ischemia-reperfusion + dexmedetomidine, n = 7): At the fifth minute of reperfusion (100 μg/kg intra-peritoneal) dexmedetomidine was administered with ischemia-reperfusion group. Reperfusion lasted 24 h. Group IV (ischemia-reperfusion + remote ischemic preconditioning + dexmedetomidine, n = 7): After laparotomy, three cycles of ischemic preconditioning (10 min ischemia and 10 min reperfusion) were applied to the left hind limb and after 5 min with group III. Results: Histopathological injury scores and active caspase-3 immunoreactivity were significantly lower in the Sham group compared to the other groups. Histopathological injury scores in groups III and IV were significantly lower than group II (p = 0.03 and p = 0.05). Active caspase-3 immunoreactivity was significantly lower in the group IV than group II (p = 0.01) and there was no significant difference between group II and group III (p = 0.06). Conclusions: Pharmacologic conditioning with dexmedetomidine and remote ischemic preconditioning when combined with dexmedetomidine significantly decreases renal ischemia- reperfusion injury histomorphologically. Combined use of two methods prevents apoptosis via active caspase-3.

Keywords

Kidney, Ischemia-reperfusion injury, Dexmedetomidine, Caspase-3, Ischemic preconditioning, Apoptosis

Resumo

Justificativa e objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos do pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto, mediante breve isquemia de membro posterior unilateral, em combinação com dexmedetomidina em lesão de isquemia-reperfusão renal por meio de histopatologia e imunorreatividade da caspase-3 ativa em ratos. Métodos: Foram divididos em quatro grupos 28 ratos machos albinos Wistar. Grupo I (Sham cirurgia controle], n = 7): laparotomia e dissecção do pedículo renal foram feitas em 65 minutos de anestesia e os ratos foram observados sob anestesia por 130 minutos. Grupo II (isquemia-reperfusão, n = 7): no 65° minuto de anestesia, os pedículos renais bilaterais foram pinçados; após 60 minutos de isquemia, foi feita reperfusão de 24 horas. Grupo III (isquemia-reperfusão + dexmedetomidina, n = 7): no quinto minuto de reperfusão, dexmedetomidina (100 mg/kg intraperitoneal) foi administrada ao grupo com isquemia-reperfusão. A reperfusão durou 24 horas. Grupo IV (isquemia-reperfusão + pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto + dexmedetomidina, n = 7): após a laparotomia, três ciclos de pré-condicionamento isquêmico (10minutos de isquemia e 10minutos de reperfusão) foram aplicados no membro posterior esquerdo e depois de cincominutos ao grupo III. Resultados: Os escores de lesão histopatológica e imunorreatividade da caspase-3 ativa foram significativamente menores no grupo Sham em comparação com os outros. Os escores de lesão histopatológica dos grupos III e IV foram significativamente menores do que os do II (p = 0,03 e p = 0,05). A imunorreatividade da caspase-3 foi significativamente menor no grupo IV do que no II (p = 0,01) e não houve diferença significante entre os grupos II e III (p = 0,06). Conclusões: O condicionamento farmacológico com dexmedetomidina e o pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto em combinação com dexmedetomidina diminuem de modo significante a lesão de isquemia-reperfusão renal histomorfologicamente. O uso combinado dos dois métodos previne a apoptose via caspase-3 ativa.

Palavras-chave

Rim, Lesão de isquemia-reperfusão, Dexmedetomidine, Caspase-3, Pré-condicionamento isquêmico, Apoptose

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