Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.11.005
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Comparison of droperidol and ondansetron prophylactic effect on subarachnoid morphine-induced pruritus

Comparação dos efeitos profiláticos do droperidol e do ondansetron sobre o prurido provocado pela morfina subaracnoidea

Fabio Ferreira da Cunha Brião; Marcio Leal Horta; Bernardo Lessa Horta; Guilherme Antônio Moreira de Barros; Ana Paula Behrensdorf; Ingrid Severo; Mariana Antunes Nunes; Roberta Boabaid; André Real

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.11.005 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.65, n4, p.244-248, 2015
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:: The prophylactic effect of ondansetron on subarachnoid morphine-induced pruritus is controversial, while evidence suggests that droperidol prevents pruritus. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of droperidol and ondansetron on subarachnoid morphine-induced pruritus.

METHODS:: 180 ASA I or II patients scheduled to undergo cesarean sections under subarachnoid anesthesia combined with morphine 0.2 mg were randomized to receive, after the child's birth, metoclopramide 10 mg (Group I - control), droperidol 2.5 mg (Group II) or ondansetron 8 mg (Group III). Postoperatively, the patients were assessed for pruritus (absent, mild, moderate or severe) or other side effects by blinded investigators. Patients were also blinded to their group allocation. The tendency to present more severe forms of pruritus was compared between groups. NNT was also determined.

RESULTS:: Patients assigned to receive droperidol [Proportional odds ratio: 0.45 (95% confidence interval 0.23-0.88)] reported less pruritus than those who received metoclopramide. Ondansetron effect was similar to metoclopramide [Proportional odds ratio: 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.49-1.83)]. The NNT for droperidol and ondansetron was 4.0 and 14.7, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:: Ondansetron does not inhibit subarachnoid morphine-induced pruritus.

Keywords

Droperidol, Morphine, Ondansetron, Pruritus, Subarachnoid injection

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS:: O efeito profilático do ondansetron sobre prurido provocado pela morfina subaracnoidea é controverso, enquanto evidências sugerem que o droperidol previne o prurido. O objetivo do presente trabalho é comparar o efeito do droperidol com o do ondansetron sobre o prurido provocado pela morfina subaracnoidea.

MÉTODOS:: 180 pacientes ASA I ou II programadas para serem submetidas a cesarianas sob anestesia subaracnoidea à qual foram acrescentados 0,2 mg de morfina foram divididas aleatoriamente para receber, logo após o nascimento da criança, 10 mg de metoclopramida (grupo I - controle), 2,5 mg de droperidol (grupo II),ou 8 mg de ondansetron (grupo III). No período pós-operatório as pacientes foram avaliadas quanto ao prurido (ausente, leve, moderado ou intenso) ou outros efeitos colaterais por observadores que não sabiam a alocação das pacientes. As pacientes também não sabiam da sua alocação. Os grupos foram comparados pela sua tendência a apresentar formas mais severas de prurido. Também determinamos o NNT.

RESULTADOS:: As pacientes alocadas para receber droperidol [Odds RatioProporcional: 0,45 (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% 0,23 - 0,88)] relataram menos prurido do que as que receberam metoclopramida. O efeito do ondansetron foi semelhante ao da metoclopramida [Odds Ratio Proporcional: 0,95 (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% 0,49 - 1,83)]. O NNT do droperidol foi 4,0 e o do ondansetron foi 14,7.

CONCLUSÕES:: O ondansetron não inibiu o prurido provocado pela morfina subaracnoidea.

Palavras-chave

Droperidol, Morfina, Ondansetron, Prurido, Injeção subaracnoidea

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