Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.04.011
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Review Article

Tooth injury in anaesthesiology

Lesão dentária na anestesiologia

José Miguel Brandão Ribeiro de Sousa; Joana Irene de Barros Mourão

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dental injury is the most common complication of general anaesthesia and has significant physical, economic and forensic consequences. The aim of this study is to review on the characteristics of dental injury associated with anaesthesiology and existing methods of prevention. CONTENTS: In this review, the time of anaesthesia in which the dental injury occurs, the affected teeth, the most frequent type of injury, established risk factors, prevention strategies, protection devices and medico-legal implications inherent to its occurrence are approached. CONCLUSIONS: Before initiating any medical procedure that requires the use of classic laryngoscopy, a thorough and detailed pre-aesthetic evaluation of the dental status of the patient is imperative, in order to identify teeth at risk, analyze the presence of factors associated with difficult intubation and outline a prevention strategy that is tailored to the risk of dental injury of each patient.

Keywords

Dental trauma, Dental injury/anaesthesiology, General anaesthesia/complications

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A lesão dentária é a complicação mais comum da anestesia geral e apresenta importantes consequências físicas, econômicas e médico-legais. O objetivo deste estudo é fazer uma revisão sobre as características da lesão dentária associada a anestesiologia e os métodos de prevenção existentes. CONTEÚDO: Nesta revisão são abordados o momento da anestesia em que a lesão dentária ocorre, os dentes acometidos, o tipo de lesão mais frequente, os fatores de risco estabelecidos, as estratégias de prevenção, os dispositivos de proteção e as implicações médico-legais inerentes à sua ocorrência. CONCLUSÕES: Antes de iniciar qualquer procedimento médico que exija o recurso à laringoscopia clássica é imperativa uma avaliação pré-anestésica minuciosa e detalhada do estado dentário do doente, de forma a identificar os dentes em risco, analisar a presença de fatores associados a dificuldades de intubação e delinear uma estratégia de prevenção que seja adaptada ao risco de lesão dentária de cada doente.

Palavras-chave

Traumatismo dentário, Anestesia geral, Medição de risco, Diagnóstico bucal

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