Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2013.03.022
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Informations

Accidental catheterization of epidural venous plexus: tomographic analysis

Cateterização acidental do plexo venoso peridural: análise tomográfica

Mariano Paiva Souza; Edno Magalhães; Elialba de Farias Cascudo; Marco Antonio Dias Jogaib; Marcelo Carneiro da Silva

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Abstract

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Inadvertent venous catheterizations occur in approximately 9% of lumbar epidural anesthetic procedures with catheter placement and, if not promptly recognized, can result in fatal consequences. The objective of this report is to describe a case of accidental catheterization of epidural venous plexus and its recording by computed tomography with contrast injection through the catheter. CASE REPORT: A female patient in her sixties, physical status II (ASA), underwent conventional cholecystectomy under balanced general anesthesia and an epidural with catheter for postoperative analgesia. During surgery, there was clinical suspicion of accidental catheterization of epidural venous plexus because of blood backflow through the catheter, confirmed by the administration of a test dose through the catheter. After the surgery, a CT scan was obtained after contrast injection through the catheter. Contrast was observed all the way from the skin to the azygos vein, passing through anterior and posterior epidural venous plexuses and intervertebral vein. CONCLUSION: It is possible to identify the actual placement of the epidural catheter, as well as to register an accidental catheterization of the epidural venous plexus, using computed tomography with contrast injection through the epidural catheter.

Keywords

Complications: venous catheterization, Anesthesia: epidural anesthesia, Epidural catheter, Tomography: venous plexus, Intervertebral vein, Azygos vein

Resumo

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A cateterização venosa inadvertida ocorre em aproximadamente 9% das anestesias peridurais lombares com introdução de cateter e caso não seja prontamente reconhecida pode trazer consequências fatais. O objetivo deste relato é descrever um caso de cateterização acidental do plexo venoso peridural e o seu registro por tomografia computadorizada com injeção de contraste pelo cateter. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente feminina, sexagenária, estado físico II (ASA), submetida à colecistectomia convencional sob anestesia geral balanceada e peridural com cateter para analgesia pós-operatória. Durante cirurgia houve suspeição clínica de cateterização acidental do plexo venoso peridural, por refluxo de sangue pelo cateter, fato confirmado pela administração de dose-teste pelo cateter. Feita tomografia computadorizada com injeção de contraste pelo cateter, após o termino da cirurgia. Observado todo o trajeto do contraste desde a pele até a veia ázigo, passando pelo plexo venoso peridural anterior, posterior e veia intervertebral. CONCLUSÃO: É possível a identificação do real posicionamento do cateter peridural, bem como o registro da cateterização acidental do plexo venoso peridural, por meio de tomografia computadorizada com injeção de contraste pelo cateter peridural.

Palavras-chave

Complicações: cateterização venosa, Anestesia: peridural, Cateter peridural, Tomografia: plexo venoso, Veia intervertebral, Veia ázigo

References

Mhyre JM, Greenfield MLVH, Tsen LC, Polly L. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials that evaluate strategies to avoid epidural vein cannulation during obstretric epidural catheter placement. Obstetr Anesthesiol. 2009;108:1232-42.

Rodgers A, Walker N, Schug S. Reduction of postoperative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia results from overview of randomized trials. BMJ. 2000;321:1493.

Hogan Q. Epidural catheter tip position and distribution of injectate evaluated by computed tomography. Anesthesiology. 1999;90:964-70.

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