Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://bjan-sba.org/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjan.2012.05.001
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Intubação de via aérea difícil com broncoscópio flexível

Difficult airway intubation with flexible bronchoscope

Ascedio Jose Rodrigues; Paulo Rogério Scordamaglio; Addy Mejia Palomino; Eduardo Quintino de Oliveira; Marcia Jacomelli; Viviane Rossi Figueiredo

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: Descrever um protocolo de intubação com broncoscópio flexível (FBI, de flexible bronchoscopy intubation) em pacientes com via aérea difícil, sua eficácia e segurança. MÉTODOS: Foram revisados os prontuários médicos de pacientes diagnosticados com via aérea difícil que foram submetidos à broncoscopia flexível para intubação sob ventilação espontânea e sedação com midazolam e fentanil, de março de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 102 pacientes, 69 (67,7%) homens e 33 (32,3%) mulheres, com idade média de 44 anos. Em 59 pacientes com via aérea difícil prevista (57,8%) a FBI foi feita em centro cirúrgico; 39 (38,2%) ocorreram na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e quatro casos (3,9%) na sala de emergência. Tosse, queda transitória de saturação de oxigênio e dificuldade de progredir a cânula através da laringe foram as principais complicações do método, mas não impediram a intubação. CONCLUSÃO: A FBI seguindo protocolo de sedação consciente com midazolam e fentanil é eficiente e segura no manejo de pacientes com via aérea difícil.

Palavras-chave

CIRURGIA, Endoscopia, EQUIPAMENTOS, Broncoscópio, INTUBAÇÃO TRAQUEAL, Manuseio das Vias Aéreas, SEDAÇÃO, Profunda

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To describe the effi cacy and safety of a fl exible bronchoscopy intubation (FBI) protocol in patients with diffi cult airway. METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with diffi cult airway who underwent fl exible bronchoscopy intubation under spontaneous ventilation and sedation with midazolam and fentanyl from March 2009 to December 2010. RESULTS: The study enrolled 102 patients, 69 (67.7%) men and 33 (32.3%) women, with a mean age of 44 years. FBI was performed in 59 patients (57.8%) with expected diffi cult airway in the operating room, in 39 patients (38.2%) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and in 4 patients (3.9%) in the emergency room. Cough, decrease in transient oxygen saturation, and diffi cult progression of the cannula through the larynx were the main complications, but these factors did not prevent intubation. CONCLUSION: FBI according to the conscious sedation protocol with midazolam and fentanyl is effective and safe in the management of patients with diffi cult airway.

Keywords

Bronchoscopy, Airway Management, Intubation Intratracheal, Deep Sedation

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